Thuleau Patrice, Ormancey Mélanie, Plaza Serge, Combier Jean-Philippe
Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, CNRS/UT3/INPT, Auzeville-Tolosane, France.
J Exp Bot. 2024 Dec 17. doi: 10.1093/jxb/erae501.
In order to develop a sustainable agriculture respecting the environment and to reduce chemical inputs, a new strategy has emerged in recent years, based on the use of products targeting plants' natural defense and growth mechanisms. In this context, a few years ago we demonstrated the existence in plants of regulatory peptides called miPEPs for "microRNA-encoded peptides". MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small RNAs that down-regulate the expression of numerous genes in eukaryotes. MiPEPs increase the amount of their cognate miRNA, resulting in an even greater decrease in the expression of genes targeted by these miRNAs. Thus, the application of an artificial miPEP to a plant causes a phenotype associated with a change in the genes targeted by the corresponding miRNA. More recently we also identified new regulatory peptides, namely cPEPs for "complementary peptides", capable of enhancing the activity of a given protein, independently of any increase in transcriptional activity. Moreover, as for the miPEPs, the external application of these new peptides makes it possible to regulate the phenotypes associated with the targeted proteins. This review highlights the most recent advances in the potential use of miPEPs and cPEPs in agronomy to improve plant development and stress tolerance.
为了发展注重环境保护的可持续农业并减少化学投入，近年来出现了一种新策略，该策略基于使用针对植物自然防御和生长机制的产品。在此背景下，几年前我们证明了植物中存在一种名为miPEP（即“microRNA编码肽”）的调节肽。微小RNA（miRNA）是一类小RNA，可下调真核生物中众多基因的表达。miPEP会增加其同源miRNA的量，导致这些miRNA靶向的基因表达进一步降低。因此，将人工miPEP应用于植物会导致与相应miRNA靶向基因变化相关的表型。最近我们还鉴定出了新的调节肽，即“互补肽”（cPEP），它们能够增强特定蛋白质的活性，而与转录活性的任何增加无关。此外，与miPEP一样，这些新肽的外部应用使得调节与靶向蛋白质相关的表型成为可能。本综述重点介绍了miPEP和cPEP在农学中潜在应用的最新进展，以改善植物发育和胁迫耐受性。
