Bommarito Julian C, Millar Philip J
Human Cardiovascular Physiology Laboratory, Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada.
Appl Physiol Nutr Metab. 2025 Jan 1;50:1-11. doi: 10.1139/apnm-2024-0449.
Blood pressure (BP) follows a circadian rhythm, dipping during sleep and surging in the morning. A larger morning BP surge is an independent predictor of cardiovascular events. Acute exercise can produce sustained periods of post-exercise hypotension that last up to 24 h; however, the timing of exercise (morning vs. evening) may influence this response. Whether the timing of exercise influences the morning BP surge remains unknown. The current study investigated the effects of a bout of high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE) performed in the morning versus evening on the magnitude of the morning BP surge in young healthy adults. Twenty-six young, otherwise healthy adults (23 ± 4 years; 15 females) completed a randomized crossover trial where, on different days, they completed a no exercise control visit or performed either morning (0800-1000 h) or evening (1700-1900 h) HIIE. Following each visit, ambulatory BP was assessed in 30 min intervals for 24 hrs. HIIE at either time did not alter the magnitude of the morning BP surge compared to control values (control: 22 ± 5 mmHg; morning exercise: 20 ± 8 mmHg; evening exercise: 22 ± 10 mmHg, = 0.40) or when grouped separately by sex (visit × sex = 0.42). A positive correlation existed between Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire score and the change in nighttime BP following both exercise times (both = 0.42 and = 0.04). These findings suggest that HIIE does not attenuate the morning BP surge in young healthy adults and that chronotype can predict nighttime BP responses following HIIE, irrespective of exercise time of day. This study was registered on ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT06702930).
血压（BP）呈现昼夜节律，在睡眠期间下降，早晨时升高。早晨血压的较大幅度升高是心血管事件的独立预测因素。急性运动可产生持续长达24小时的运动后低血压期；然而，运动时间（早晨与晚上）可能会影响这种反应。运动时间是否会影响早晨血压升高尚不清楚。本研究调查了在早晨与晚上进行一轮高强度间歇运动（HIIE）对年轻健康成年人早晨血压升高幅度的影响。26名年轻且其他方面健康的成年人（23±4岁；15名女性）完成了一项随机交叉试验，在不同日期，他们完成一次无运动对照访视，或进行早晨（08:00 - 10:00）或晚上（17:00 - 19:00）的HIIE。每次访视后，以30分钟为间隔评估24小时的动态血压。与对照值相比，任何一个时间的HIIE均未改变早晨血压升高的幅度（对照：22±5 mmHg；早晨运动：20±8 mmHg；晚上运动：22±10 mmHg，P = 0.40），按性别分别分组时也是如此（访视×性别P = 0.42）。晨型 - 夜型问卷得分与两次运动时间后夜间血压变化之间存在正相关（两者P = 0.42且P = 0.04）。这些发现表明，HIIE不会减弱年轻健康成年人早晨的血压升高，并且无论一天中的运动时间如何，昼夜节律类型都可以预测HIIE后的夜间血压反应。本研究已在ClinicalTrials.gov（NCT06702930）上注册。
