Li Ziqi, Zhong Siqiong, Meshram Nishita, Kopec Rachel E
Department of Food Science and Technology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, United States.
Human Nutrition Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, United States.
Food Chem. 2025 Mar 15;468:142347. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.142347. Epub 2024 Dec 4.
Previous results have been mixed as to whether the emulsifying agent lecithin increases carotenoid bioaccessibility and Caco-2 cellular uptake. The dose-response effect of lecithin (0-5 mg) on carotenoid bioaccessibility and Caco-2 cellular uptake was investigated in vitro using a mixture of β-carotene, lycopene, lutein, zeaxanthin and astaxanthin. Resulting micelles were incubated with Caco-2 cells for 4 h. Carotenoids in chyme, micelle, and cellular fractions were quantitated using HPLC-DAD and HPLC-MS/MS. Lecithin-micelle interactions were visualized using confocal microscopy. A lecithin dose of 1 mg improved carotenoid bioaccessibility ∼2× and led to increased Caco-2 cell uptake of the carotenes tested, but no change in xanthophylls tested, as compared to the control group (P < 0.05). Doses of lecithin ≥3 mg did not improve carotenoid bioaccessibility or Caco-2 cell uptake and produced oil droplet aggregation. These results suggest that limited doses of lecithin should be investigated in relation to maximizing carotenoid bioavailability in humans.
关于乳化剂卵磷脂是否能提高类胡萝卜素的生物可及性以及Caco-2细胞摄取量，此前的研究结果并不一致。使用β-胡萝卜素、番茄红素、叶黄素、玉米黄质和虾青素的混合物，在体外研究了卵磷脂（0 - 5毫克）对类胡萝卜素生物可及性和Caco-2细胞摄取量的剂量反应效应。将所得胶束与Caco-2细胞孵育4小时。使用HPLC-DAD和HPLC-MS/MS对食糜、胶束和细胞部分中的类胡萝卜素进行定量。使用共聚焦显微镜观察卵磷脂-胶束相互作用。与对照组相比，1毫克的卵磷脂剂量可使类胡萝卜素生物可及性提高约2倍，并导致测试的胡萝卜素在Caco-2细胞中的摄取增加，但测试的叶黄素没有变化（P < 0.05）。≥3毫克的卵磷脂剂量并未提高类胡萝卜素生物可及性或Caco-2细胞摄取量，反而产生了油滴聚集。这些结果表明，应研究有限剂量的卵磷脂，以最大限度地提高人体中类胡萝卜素的生物利用度。
