Kelesidou Sofia, Bonoti Fotini, Abakoumkin Georgios, Misailidi Plousia
Laboratory of Psychology, Department of Early Childhood Education, University of Thessaly, Volos, Greece.
Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, University of Thessaly, Trikala, Greece.
Br J Dev Psychol. 2025 Sep;43(3):629-644. doi: 10.1111/bjdp.12539. Epub 2024 Dec 18.
Fear and fearlessness are two distinct emotional responses that can occur when a person faces a potentially dangerous situation. These responses seem to be linked to gender stereotypes (fearful female and fearless male). This study examines whether preschool children attribute fear and fearlessness stereotypically in relation to gender and whether their attributions vary as a function of age and gender. One hundred and twenty children (60 boys and 60 girls) aged 3, 4 and 5 years participated in this study. We examined children's gender-stereotypical performance through emotional scenarios and drawing tasks involving fear and fearlessness conditions. The results showed that children's performance was equally stereotypical in the two conditions. An age effect was found: children's gender stereotypical attributions increased with age. The results showed no differences in children's stereotypical performance in regards to their gender and task type (emotional scenarios and drawing tasks). The significance and implications of these findings are discussed in the context of gender-emotion stereotypes.
恐惧和无畏是一个人面对潜在危险情况时可能出现的两种截然不同的情绪反应。这些反应似乎与性别刻板印象（恐惧的女性和无畏的男性）有关。本研究考察学前儿童是否会根据性别刻板地归因恐惧和无畏，以及他们的归因是否会因年龄和性别而有所不同。120名3岁、4岁和5岁的儿童（60名男孩和60名女孩）参与了本研究。我们通过涉及恐惧和无畏情境的情感场景和绘画任务来考察儿童的性别刻板表现。结果表明，儿童在两种情境下的表现同样具有刻板性。发现了年龄效应：儿童的性别刻板归因随着年龄增长而增加。结果显示，儿童在性别和任务类型（情感场景和绘画任务）方面的刻板表现没有差异。这些发现的意义和影响将在性别-情感刻板印象的背景下进行讨论。
