Chaplin Tara M
Department of Psychology, George Mason University, USA.
Emot Rev. 2015 Jan;7(1):14-21. doi: 10.1177/1754073914544408.
Small but significant gender differences in emotion expressions have been reported for adults, with women showing greater emotional expressivity, especially for positive emotions and internalizing negative emotions such as sadness. But when, developmentally, do these gender differences emerge? And what developmental and contextual factors influence their emergence? This article describes a developmental bio-psycho-social model of gender differences in emotion expression in childhood. Prior empirical research supporting the model, at least with mostly White middle-class U.S. samples of youth, is presented. Limitations to the extant literature and future directions for research on gender and child emotion are suggested.
据报道，成年人在情绪表达上存在虽小但显著的性别差异，女性表现出更强的情绪表达能力，尤其是在表达积极情绪和内化悲伤等负面情绪方面。但是，从发展的角度来看，这些性别差异何时出现呢？哪些发展和环境因素会影响它们的出现呢？本文描述了儿童情绪表达中性别差异的一种发展性生物 - 心理 - 社会模型。文中呈现了至少以大多为美国白人中产阶级青年样本为依据的支持该模型的先前实证研究。同时也指出了现有文献的局限性以及性别与儿童情绪研究的未来方向。
