Pulskamp Tariq G, Johnson Lucy M, Berlau Daniel J
School of Pharmacy, Regis University, Denver, CO, USA.
Pain Manag. 2024 Dec;14(12):641-651. doi: 10.1080/17581869.2024.2442292. Epub 2024 Dec 18.
Effective pain management has long been hindered by the limitations and risks associated with opioid analgesics, necessitating the exploration of novel, non-opioid alternatives. A comprehensive literature search was conducted using PubMed and Google Scholar during October and November 2024 to identify studies on emerging non-opioid pain management therapeutics. This review evaluates three promising classes of mechanism-specific therapeutics: nerve growth factor (NGF) monoclonal antibodies, transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) antagonists, and selective sodium channel blockers. By targeting distinct pathways involved in pain sensation, these therapies aim to provide relief for various pain types, including chronic, inflammatory, and neuropathic pain, with potentially fewer side effects. Through a detailed analysis of their mechanisms of action and current evidence, this review highlights the clinical potential of each class, addressing both their efficacy and safety challenges. Ultimately, these emerging therapies represent significant advancements in non-opioid pain management, with the potential to reshape standard approaches to patient care.
长期以来，阿片类镇痛药的局限性和风险一直阻碍着有效的疼痛管理，因此有必要探索新型的非阿片类替代药物。2024年10月至11月期间，利用PubMed和谷歌学术进行了全面的文献检索，以确定关于新兴非阿片类疼痛管理疗法的研究。本综述评估了三类有前景的作用机制特异性疗法：神经生长因子（NGF）单克隆抗体、瞬时受体电位香草酸亚型1（TRPV1）拮抗剂和选择性钠通道阻滞剂。通过针对疼痛感觉中涉及的不同途径，这些疗法旨在缓解各种类型的疼痛，包括慢性疼痛、炎症性疼痛和神经性疼痛，且副作用可能更少。通过对其作用机制和现有证据的详细分析，本综述突出了每类疗法的临床潜力，同时探讨了它们在疗效和安全性方面面临的挑战。最终，这些新兴疗法代表了非阿片类疼痛管理的重大进展，有可能重塑患者护理的标准方法。
