Tahir Muhammad Fahad, Wu Xiaofei, Wang Yuwei, Liu Qin, An Xizhou, Huang Daochao, Chen Lijing, Chen Lanling, Liang Xiaohua
Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Metabolism and Inflammatory Diseases, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 136 2nd Street, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400014, China.
Cardiovasc Toxicol. 2025 Jan;25(1):121-134. doi: 10.1007/s12012-024-09948-0. Epub 2024 Dec 18.
A limited number of cohort studies have explored the impact of serum essential metal elements on blood pressure (BP) or glycolipids and their regulatory mechanism in children. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between serum metal concentrations of iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), calcium (Ca), copper (Cu), and magnesium (Mg) and BP in children, and explore the potential mediating effects of glycolipid profiles. This cohort study included 1993 children (3566 BP measurements) aged 6-14 years in Chongqing, China. Serum essential metals, BP, lipid profiles, and glucose and insulin levels were measured. The relationship between serum metal levels and BP was analyzed using generalized linear and regression models, and a mediation analysis was performed to examine the potential mediating role of glycolipids. After adjusting for confounders, positive associations were found between serum Fe and Zn levels and BP parameters (all P < 0.05). A "U" style relationship between Cu and BP was found. Stronger associations were found in children aged ≤ 10 years, with sex-specific differences for Fe, Zn, and Cu. The relationship between elevated BP and serum Mg and Ca was not found. Our study found that triglycerides showed a significant relationship with Fe and Zn levels (P < 0.005). Moreover, triglycerides, partially mediate the effects of Zn on elevated BP. Serum Fe, Zn, and Cu concentrations were associated with BP in children, and age and sex differences were observed. Triglycerides may play a mediating role. These findings highlight the importance of maintaining an optimal serum essential metal status for cardiovascular health in children and suggest potential early prevention strategies.
少数队列研究探讨了血清必需金属元素对儿童血压（BP）或糖脂的影响及其调节机制。本研究旨在调查儿童血清中铁（Fe）、锌（Zn）、钙（Ca）、铜（Cu）和镁（Mg）的金属浓度与血压之间的关系，并探讨糖脂谱的潜在中介作用。这项队列研究纳入了中国重庆1993名6至14岁的儿童（共测量了3566次血压）。测量了血清必需金属、血压、血脂谱以及血糖和胰岛素水平。使用广义线性和回归模型分析血清金属水平与血压之间的关系，并进行中介分析以检验糖脂的潜在中介作用。在调整混杂因素后，发现血清铁和锌水平与血压参数之间存在正相关（所有P < 0.05）。发现铜与血压之间呈“U”型关系。在≤10岁的儿童中发现了更强的相关性，铁、锌和铜存在性别差异。未发现血压升高与血清镁和钙之间的关系。我们的研究发现甘油三酯与铁和锌水平存在显著关系（P < 0.005）。此外，甘油三酯部分介导了锌对血压升高的影响。儿童血清铁、锌和铜浓度与血压相关，且存在年龄和性别差异。甘油三酯可能起中介作用。这些发现突出了维持儿童心血管健康最佳血清必需金属状态的重要性，并提出了潜在的早期预防策略。
