Rodríguez-Gutiérrez Eva, Martínez-Vizcaíno Vicente, Bizzozero-Peroni Bruno, Díaz-Goñi Valentina, Martínez-García Irene, Sequí-Domínguez Irene, Núñez de Arenas-Arroyo Sergio, Sánchez-López Mairena, Pascual-Morena Carlos, Torres-Costoso Ana
Health and Social Research Center, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Cuenca, Spain.
Research Network on Chronicity, Primary Care and Health Promotion (RICAPPS), Cuenca, Spain.
Pediatr Res. 2024 Dec 18. doi: 10.1038/s41390-024-03779-z.
To analyse the associations between daily steps, cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), and remnant cholesterol in schoolchildren and to investigate whether the association between daily steps and remnant cholesterol is mediated by CRF.
This cross-sectional study involved 394 schoolchildren (aged 9-12 years, 53.0% girls) from Cuenca, Spain. Daily steps were measured using the Xiaomi MI Band 3, CRF was assessed using the 20-m shuttle run test, and remnant cholesterol was calculated from total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Mean differences in CRF and remnant cholesterol by daily steps and CRF categories were tested using analysis of covariance. Mediation analysis models examined whether CRF mediates the association between daily steps and remnant cholesterol.
Children taking 12,000 and 9000 steps/day had higher CRF (p < 0.001) and lower remnant cholesterol (p = 0.034), respectively. Those with CRF > 47.59 kg/ml/min had lower remnant cholesterol (p = 0.009). CRF mediated the association between 1000 steps/day and remnant cholesterol (indirect effect = -0.027 (-0.055,-0.007)).
Both daily steps and CRF are associated with remnant cholesterol. Promoting an increase in daily steps may be a practical and promising strategy to increase CRF and, given its mediating role, to improve remnant cholesterol to prevent cardiometabolic risk in schoolchildren.
What's known: Remnant cholesterol is a critical indicator of cardiovascular disease risk in the early atherosclerosis. What's new: In schoolchildren, increased daily physical activity is significantly associated with higher cardiorespiratory fitness and lower remnant cholesterol, especially walking >9000 steps/day and >12,000 steps/day, respectively. What's relevant: Encouraging schoolchildren to take more daily steps may be a promising strategy to increase cardiorespiratory fitness and, given its mediating role, to improve remnant cholesterol to prevent cardiometabolic risk.
分析学龄儿童每日步数、心肺适能（CRF）与残余胆固醇之间的关联，并研究每日步数与残余胆固醇之间的关联是否由CRF介导。
这项横断面研究纳入了来自西班牙昆卡的394名学龄儿童（9至12岁，53.0%为女孩）。使用小米手环3测量每日步数，通过20米往返跑测试评估CRF，并根据总胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇计算残余胆固醇。采用协方差分析检验每日步数和CRF类别在CRF和残余胆固醇方面的平均差异。中介分析模型检验CRF是否介导每日步数与残余胆固醇之间的关联。
每天步行12000步和9000步的儿童分别具有更高的CRF（p < 0.001）和更低的残余胆固醇（p = 0.034）。CRF>47.59 kg/ml/min的儿童残余胆固醇较低（p = 0.009）。CRF介导了每日步数增加1000步与残余胆固醇之间的关联（间接效应=-0.027（-0.055，-0.007））。
每日步数和CRF均与残余胆固醇有关。增加每日步数可能是提高CRF的一种切实可行且有前景的策略，鉴于其介导作用，还可改善残余胆固醇，以预防学龄儿童的心血管代谢风险。
已知信息：残余胆固醇是早期动脉粥样硬化中心血管疾病风险的关键指标。新发现：在学龄儿童中，增加日常身体活动与更高的心肺适能和更低的残余胆固醇显著相关，尤其是每天分别步行>9000步和>12000步。相关信息：鼓励学龄儿童每日多走路可能是提高心肺适能的一种有前景的策略，鉴于其介导作用，还可改善残余胆固醇，以预防心血管代谢风险。
