Liu Bin, Liu Lin, Zou Mingxuan, Jin Yinchuan, Song Lei, Ren Lei, Li Mengze, Feng Yuting, Li Fengzhan, Yang Qun
Department of Military Medical Psychology, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China.
Department of Emergency, Xijing Hospital of Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China.
BMC Public Health. 2024 Dec 18;24(1):3433. doi: 10.1186/s12889-024-20907-w.
Despite the growing application of the Dual-factor model of mental health (DFM), there is a paucity of research on military personnel. Additionally, existing cross-sectional studies indicate that resilience and perceived social support are associated with military mental health, but the lack of cross-lagged studies precludes researchers from making causal interpretations. This study aimed to explore the longitudinal relationship between resilience, perceived social support, negative dimension of mental health (depressive symptom), and positive dimension (life satisfaction) among military personnel using cross-lagged analysis.
A total of 215 military personnel were investigated longitudinally over a 12-week, two-phase period. The Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC), Perceived Social Support Scale (PSSS), Patients' Health Questionnaire Depression Scale-9 Item (PHQ-9), and Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) were employed to measure their resilience, perceived social support, depression symptoms, and life satisfaction, respectively. Pearson correlation analysis was used to examine the correlations between the aforementioned variables, and a paired t-test was employed to ascertain whether the variables changed over time. A cross-lagged panel analysis was employed to explore cross-lagged relationships between these variables in military personnel.
All participants in this study were male. At Time 1, the mean age of all participants was 22.98 years (SD = 2.99), and the mean scores for the CD-RISC, PSSS, PHQ-9, and SWLS were 71.61 (SD = 14.86), 68.60 (SD = 10.22), 1.74 (SD = 2.89), and 28.08 (SD = 5.51), respectively. Cross-lagged analysis showed that prior resilience significantly predicted later depression symptoms (β = -0.19, p = 0.028) and life satisfaction (β = 0.17, p = 0.038). Prior perceived social support significantly predicted later life satisfaction (β = 0.15, p = 0.040) but not depression symptoms (β = -0.04, p = 0.652). Prior depression symptoms significantly predicted later life satisfaction (β = -0.26, p < 0.001), and prior life satisfaction also predicted later depression symptoms (β = -0.23, p = 0.002).
The negative and positive dimensions of military mental health can interact with each other. Moreover, enhancing resilience and perceived social support may be a novel perspective for improving the mental health of military personnel.
尽管心理健康双因素模型（DFM）的应用越来越广泛，但针对军事人员的相关研究却很匮乏。此外，现有的横断面研究表明，心理韧性和感知到的社会支持与军人心理健康相关，但缺乏交叉滞后研究使得研究人员无法做出因果解释。本研究旨在采用交叉滞后分析方法，探讨军事人员心理韧性、感知到的社会支持、心理健康的消极维度（抑郁症状）和积极维度（生活满意度）之间的纵向关系。
共有215名军事人员在为期12周的两个阶段中接受了纵向调查。分别使用康纳-戴维森心理韧性量表（CD-RISC）、领悟社会支持量表（PSSS）、患者健康问卷抑郁量表9项版（PHQ-9）和生活满意度量表（SWLS）来测量他们的心理韧性、感知到的社会支持、抑郁症状和生活满意度。采用Pearson相关分析来检验上述变量之间的相关性，并使用配对t检验来确定这些变量是否随时间变化。采用交叉滞后面板分析来探讨军事人员中这些变量之间的交叉滞后关系。
本研究的所有参与者均为男性。在第1阶段，所有参与者的平均年龄为22.98岁（标准差=2.99），CD-RISC、PSSS、PHQ-9和SWLS的平均得分分别为71.61（标准差=14.86）、68.60（标准差=10.22）、1.74（标准差=2.89）和28.08（标准差=5.51）。交叉滞后分析表明，前期心理韧性能显著预测后期的抑郁症状（β=-0.19，p=0.028）和生活满意度（β=0.17，p=0.038）。前期感知到的社会支持能显著预测后期的生活满意度（β=0.15，p=0.040），但不能预测抑郁症状（β=-0.04，p=0.652）。前期抑郁症状能显著预测后期的生活满意度（β=-0.26，p<0.001），前期生活满意度也能预测后期的抑郁症状（β=-0.23，p=0.002）。
军人心理健康的消极维度和积极维度会相互影响。此外，增强心理韧性和感知到的社会支持可能是改善军事人员心理健康的一个新视角。
