Jan Tour, Ali Shah Syed Wadood, Khan Nasrullah, Ahmad Mohammad Sohail, Saleh Ibrahim A, Okla Mohammad K, Abdel-Maksoud Mostafa A, Al-Ghamdi Abdullah A, Alwasel Yasmeen A, AbdElgawad Hamada
Department of Botany, University of Malakand, Dir (L), Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.
Department of Pharmacy, University of Malakand, Dir (L), Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.
Heliyon. 2024 Nov 30;10(23):e40804. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e40804. eCollection 2024 Dec 15.
R. Parker is a wild grape traditionally used by indigenous people as a substitute for cultivated grapes. However, its therapeutic effects have not been extensively studied. In this study, we investigated the antioxidant, anticholinesterase, analgesic, and antidepressant properties of . . The antioxidant potential of this wild fruit plant was evaluated using two widely recognized assays: 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2-asino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS). anticholinesterase effects were determined by assessing butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition. The analgesic activity was assessed through writhing and tail immersion test models, while the antidepressant effect was evaluated using forced swimming and tail suspension test models. Results revealed the exceptional potential of . as a valuable natural resource. The fruit extract (VJF-Crd) demonstrated remarkable free radical scavenging abilities, with an impressive IC value of 34.96 μg/mL for DPPH and 56.48 μg/mL for ABTS. The leaf extract (VJL-Crd) also exhibited considerable antioxidant properties, with IC values of 73.68 μg/mL for DPPH and 86.72 μg/mL for ABTS. Furthermore, VJF-Crd and VJL-Crd extracts displayed potent inhibitory activity against cholinesterase enzymes, with VJF-Crd demonstrating strong inhibition and VJL-Crd showing moderate inhibition. In terms of analgesia, these extracts exhibited dose-dependent responses in various pain models, with significant protection against acetic acid-induced writhing and tail immersion, showcasing their potential as natural pain relievers. Moreover, both VJF-Crd and VJL-Crd extracts displayed a notable decrease in immobility in the forced swimming and tail suspension test models, indicating their potential as natural antidepressants. These findings underscore the untapped potential of . as a source of valuable chemical constituents. The isolation and identification of phyto-constituents from this plant hold promise for new bioactive compounds, particularly in pain management. This study sheds light on the multifaceted medicinal attributes of . and opens new avenues for developing natural remedies for different ailments, especially pain management.
R. Parker是一种野生葡萄，传统上被原住民用作栽培葡萄的替代品。然而，其治疗效果尚未得到广泛研究。在本研究中，我们调查了……的抗氧化、抗胆碱酯酶、镇痛和抗抑郁特性。使用两种广泛认可的测定方法评估了这种野生水果植物的抗氧化潜力：2,2-二苯基-1-苦基肼（DPPH）和2,2-联氮双（3-乙基苯并噻唑啉-6-磺酸）（ABTS）。通过评估丁酰胆碱酯酶（BChE）和乙酰胆碱酯酶（AChE）的抑制作用来确定抗胆碱酯酶效果。通过扭体和尾部浸入试验模型评估镇痛活性，同时使用强迫游泳和尾部悬吊试验模型评估抗抑郁效果。结果揭示了……作为一种宝贵自然资源的非凡潜力。果实提取物（VJF-Crd）表现出显著的自由基清除能力，DPPH的IC值为34.96μg/mL，ABTS的IC值为56.48μg/mL，令人印象深刻。叶提取物（VJL-Crd）也表现出相当的抗氧化特性，DPPH的IC值为73.68μg/mL，ABTS的IC值为86.72μg/mL。此外，VJF-Crd和VJL-Crd提取物对胆碱酯酶表现出强大的抑制活性，VJF-Crd表现出强烈抑制，VJL-Crd表现出中度抑制。在镇痛方面，这些提取物在各种疼痛模型中表现出剂量依赖性反应，对乙酸诱导的扭体和尾部浸入有显著保护作用，展示了它们作为天然止痛剂的潜力。此外，VJF-Crd和VJL-Crd提取物在强迫游泳和尾部悬吊试验模型中均显示出不动时间显著减少，表明它们作为天然抗抑郁药的潜力。这些发现强调了……作为有价值化学成分来源的未开发潜力。从这种植物中分离和鉴定植物成分有望获得新的生物活性化合物，特别是在疼痛管理方面。本研究揭示了……多方面的药用特性，并为开发针对不同疾病的天然药物，尤其是疼痛管理，开辟了新途径。
