Chen Xiuwen, Xiao Yao, You Yunhui, Zhu Jianxi, Liu Shiqing, Chen Huiqiong, Zhu Hong
Teaching and Research Section of Clinical Nursing, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
Xiangya Nursing School, Central South University, Changsha, China.
PLoS One. 2024 Dec 19;19(12):e0315455. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0315455. eCollection 2024.
Educators increasingly emphasise the importance of clinical medical education reform, particularly the innovation of teaching models. Clinical internships in cardiac surgery are an essential stage in the development of medical students. Currently, it is still dominated by the traditional lecture mode. Therefore, exploring a new teaching model is a critical way to improve the quality of clinical internship teaching.
To investigate the effectiveness of the combined PBL and Tencent Conference online teaching mode in the clinical internship teaching of cardiac surgery.
This historical controlled trial was conducted from September 2022 to January 2023. A total of 34 participants from the graduating class of 2020 took the combined PBL and Tencent Conference online teaching mode. 42 participants from the graduating class of 2021 adopted the traditional teaching method and were enrolled as a control group. All participants completed a questionnaire designed by the researcher to assess teaching quality. The questionnaire was filled out sequentially according to the chronological order of pre-internship, during the internship, and post-internship.
There was a statistically significant difference between the group of Tencent Conference online teaching based on the PBL mode and the group of traditional teaching mode in terms of the degree of participation (experience, hands-on opportunities, etc.), the degree of teacher-student interaction (questions, communication, etc.), and the degree of acceptance and understanding (key points, difficulties, and other learning concerns) in the class learning process during the internship (p < 0.05). The results of the survey also showed that there was a significant difference between the two groups in the scores of the degree of mastery and use of history taking in cardiac surgery and the degree of mastery and use of ancillary tests (application and interpretation of each test) after the internship (p < 0.05).
The traditional approach currently used by most educators does not enable cardiac surgery students to transform theory fully. The PBL teaching method can stimulate students' interest in learning and cultivate their comprehensive ability to a certain extent. Future educators should flexibly adapt the teaching method to the learning situation, develop a reasonable teaching mode of clinical internship, and ensure quality.
教育工作者越来越强调临床医学教育改革的重要性，特别是教学模式的创新。心脏外科临床实习是医学生成长过程中的一个重要阶段。目前，其仍以传统讲授模式为主。因此，探索一种新的教学模式是提高临床实习教学质量的关键途径。
探讨以问题为基础的学习（PBL）与腾讯会议在线教学相结合的模式在心脏外科临床实习教学中的效果。
本历史对照试验于2022年9月至2023年1月进行。2020届毕业班的34名参与者采用了PBL与腾讯会议在线教学相结合的模式。2021届毕业班的42名参与者采用传统教学方法，作为对照组。所有参与者均完成了由研究者设计的用于评估教学质量的问卷。问卷按照实习前、实习期间和实习后的时间顺序依次填写。
在实习期间的课堂学习过程中，基于PBL模式的腾讯会议在线教学组与传统教学组在参与程度（经验、实践机会等）、师生互动程度（提问、交流等）以及接受和理解程度（重点、难点等学习关注点）方面存在统计学显著差异（p<0.05）。调查结果还显示，实习后两组在心脏外科病史采集的掌握和运用程度以及辅助检查的掌握和运用程度（各项检查的应用和解读）得分上存在显著差异（p<0.05）。
目前大多数教育工作者采用的传统方法无法使心脏外科专业的学生充分将理论转化。PBL教学法能够在一定程度上激发学生的学习兴趣并培养其综合能力。未来教育工作者应根据学习情况灵活调整教学方法，制定合理的临床实习教学模式，并确保教学质量。
