Sultana Salma, Sultana Niger, Moniruzzaman Mohammad, Dastagir Muhammad Rehan, Hossain Md Kamal
Department of Fisheries and Marine Science, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Bangladesh.
Department of Environmental Science and Disaster Management, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Bangladesh.
Mar Pollut Bull. 2025 Feb;211:117455. doi: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.117455. Epub 2024 Dec 18.
The Payra River, cicual for fish breeding, feeding and nursery in coastal Bangladesh, faces heavy contamination from industrial activities, agricultural runoff and poor waste management. This study used ICP-MS to assess metal contamination levels, risk status and potential sources in river sediment. The findings showed that the mean concentrations (mg/kg) of metals followed the decreasing order: Mn (434.24 ± 75.91) > Zn (66.42 ± 12.86) > Cr (44.59 ± 8.98) > Ni (40.30 ± 7.43) > Cu (34.07 ± 6.84) > Co (15.72 ± 2.84) > Pb (14.60 ± 5.56) > As (4.70 ± 0.72) > Hg (0.28 ± 0.21) > Cd (0.10 ± 0.03) with Mn significantly exceeding the recommended guidelines. Although contamination factors (CF < 1) and the pollution load index (PLI < 1) indicated low pollution, Hg and Cd posed greater ecological risks. However, the Risk Index (RI < 150) showed overall low pollution risk. Sediment ranged from uncontaminated to moderately contaminated (Igeo = 0-1). Non-carcinogenic risks were minimal (HQ < 1), but children were more vulnerable to As (HI = 2.40E-01) and Cr (HI = 2.17E-01). Carcinogenic risks were also higher for children, particularly from As (CR = 8.37E-06) and Pb (CR = 6.10E-06). Pearson correlation, principal component analysis (PCA), cluster analysis (CA) and spatial analyses indicated shared sources for As, Hg, and Cd, with Mn likely from different sources. The PMF model identified three pollution sources: natural agricultural activities (23.7 %), anthropogenic activities (54.43 %), and industrial activities (23.74 %).
帕亚拉河是孟加拉国沿海鱼类繁殖、觅食和育苗的重要场所，但面临着来自工业活动、农业径流和垃圾管理不善的严重污染。本研究采用电感耦合等离子体质谱法（ICP-MS）评估河流沉积物中的金属污染水平、风险状况和潜在来源。研究结果表明，金属的平均浓度（mg/kg）依次为：锰（434.24±75.91）＞锌（66.42±12.86）＞铬（44.59±8.98）＞镍（40.30±7.43）＞铜（34.07±6.84）＞钴（15.72±2.84）＞铅（14.60±5.56）＞砷（4.70±0.72）＞汞（0.28±0.21）＞镉（0.10±0.03），其中锰显著超过推荐标准。尽管污染因子（CF＜1）和污染负荷指数（PLI＜1）表明污染程度较低，但汞和镉构成了更大的生态风险。然而，风险指数（RI＜150）表明总体污染风险较低。沉积物污染程度从未受污染到中度污染（地积累指数Igeo = 0-1）。非致癌风险极小（危害商HQ＜1），但儿童对砷（危害指数HI = 2.40E-01）和铬（危害指数HI = 2.17E-01）更为敏感。儿童的致癌风险也较高，尤其是砷（致癌风险CR = 8.37E-06）和铅（致癌风险CR = 6.10E-06）。皮尔逊相关性分析、主成分分析（PCA）、聚类分析（CA）和空间分析表明，砷、汞和镉有共同来源，而锰可能来自不同来源。正定矩阵因子分解（PMF）模型确定了三个污染源：自然农业活动（23.7%）、人为活动（54.43%）和工业活动（23.74%）。
