Pallathadka Harikumar, Jabir Majid, Rasool Khetam Habeeb, Hanumanthaiah Malathi, Sharma Neha, Pramanik Atreyi, Rab Safia Obaidur, Jawad Sabrean Farhan, Oghenemaro Enwa Felix, Mustafa Yasser Fakri
Manipur International University, Imphal, Manipur, India.
Department of Applied Sciences, University of Technology, Iraq.
Hum Immunol. 2025 Jan;86(1):111221. doi: 10.1016/j.humimm.2024.111221. Epub 2024 Dec 18.
RNA interference (RNAi) is a primordial biological process that protects against external intrusion. SiRNA has the potential to selectively silence disease-related genes in a sequence-specific way, thus offering a promising therapeutic approach. The efficacy of siRNA-based therapies in cancer treatment has gained significant recognition due to multiple studies demonstrating its ability to effectively suppress cancer cells' growth and multiplication. Moreover, siRNA-based medicines have shown considerable promise in enhancing the sensitivity of cancer cells to chemotherapy and other treatment methods by suppressing genes that play a role in the development of drug resistance. Exploring and identifying functional genes linked to cancer cell characteristics and drug resistance is crucial for developing effective siRNAs for cancer treatment and advancing targeted and personalized therapeutics. Targeting and silencing genes in charge of resistance mechanisms, such as those involved in drug efflux, cell survival, or DNA repair, is possible with siRNA therapy in the context of drug resistance, especially cancer. Through inhibiting these genes, siRNA therapy can prevent resistance and restore the efficacy of traditional medications. This review addresses the potential of siRNAs in addressing drug resistance in human tumours, opening up new possibilities in cancer therapy. This review article offers a non-systematic summary of how different siRNA types contribute to cancer cells' treatment resistance. Using pertinent keywords, sources were chosen from reliable databases, including PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar. The review covered essential papers in this area and those that mainly addressed the function of siRNA in drug resistance. The articles examined in connection with the title of this review were primarily published from 2020 onward and are based on in vitro studies. Furthermore, this article examines the potential barriers and prospective perspectives of siRNA therapies.
RNA干扰（RNAi）是一种原始的生物过程，可抵御外部入侵。小干扰RNA（siRNA）有潜力以序列特异性方式选择性沉默与疾病相关的基因，从而提供一种有前景的治疗方法。由于多项研究表明基于siRNA的疗法能够有效抑制癌细胞的生长和增殖，其在癌症治疗中的疗效已得到广泛认可。此外，基于siRNA的药物通过抑制在耐药性发展中起作用的基因，在增强癌细胞对化疗和其他治疗方法的敏感性方面显示出巨大潜力。探索和鉴定与癌细胞特征和耐药性相关的功能基因对于开发有效的癌症治疗siRNA以及推进靶向和个性化治疗至关重要。在耐药性尤其是癌症的背景下，siRNA疗法可以靶向并沉默负责耐药机制的基因，如那些参与药物外排、细胞存活或DNA修复的基因。通过抑制这些基因，siRNA疗法可以预防耐药性并恢复传统药物的疗效。本综述探讨了siRNA在解决人类肿瘤耐药性方面的潜力，为癌症治疗开辟了新的可能性。本文对不同类型的siRNA如何导致癌细胞治疗耐药性进行了非系统性总结。使用相关关键词，从包括PubMed、Scopus和谷歌学术在内的可靠数据库中选取了资料来源。该综述涵盖了该领域的重要论文以及那些主要探讨siRNA在耐药性方面功能的论文。与本综述标题相关的文章主要发表于2020年以后，且基于体外研究。此外，本文还探讨了siRNA疗法的潜在障碍和未来前景。
