Torjinski Marina, Cliff Dylan, Horwood Sharon
ARC Centre of Excellence for the Digital Child, Bentley, Australia.
School of Psychology, Deakin University, Locked Bag 20000, Geelong, 3220, Australia.
Syst Rev. 2024 Dec 19;13(1):305. doi: 10.1186/s13643-024-02690-2.
Recent research suggests that children spend increasing amounts of time engaging in screen-based activities and less time outdoors in natural environments. There is a growing body of theory-driven literature evidencing that child screen use and exposure to nature are associated with wellbeing outcomes in contrasting ways. However, few studies have explored their combinative effects, and the relational family context has been largely overlooked.
This scoping review explored associations between early-late childhood nature exposure, screen use, and parent-child relations to identify research gaps and inform future research direction.
This review was guided by Arksey and O'Malley's five-stage methodological framework and other relevant guidelines for scoping reviews. A search of five electronic databases (PsycINFO, MEDLINE complete, ERIC, EMBASE, and Cochrane library) was conducted along with additional hand-searches from inception to 9/08/2024. Peer-reviewed articles published in English between 2012 and 2024 were included.
A total of 390 articles were screened by title and abstract and full text review of 96 articles was conducted. Following additional searches (hand-search and reference lists), a total of 23 eligible articles were identified. Evidence is presented in tabular and textual form and described using qualitative thematic analysis. The synthesis revealed that the relevant body of research is novel, heterogenous, and fragmented. There are various pathways through which children's screen use and engagement with nature interact within the family context; however, research exploring their synchronous and bidirectional effects on relational family processes is limited.
Findings emphasize the importance of investigating children's screen use and engagement with nature from a relational paradigm. Future studies should explore the mechanisms underpinning the reciprocal influences of nature and screen use on dyadic family processes and relational outcomes across early-late childhood. OSF REGISTRATION: https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/TFZDV .
近期研究表明，儿童花费在基于屏幕的活动上的时间越来越多，而在户外自然环境中的时间则越来越少。越来越多的理论驱动型文献证明，儿童使用屏幕和接触自然以相反的方式与幸福结果相关。然而，很少有研究探讨它们的综合影响，并且关系型家庭背景在很大程度上被忽视了。
本范围综述探讨了幼儿期至童年晚期自然接触、屏幕使用与亲子关系之间的关联，以识别研究空白并为未来研究方向提供信息。
本综述以阿克西和奥马利的五阶段方法框架以及其他范围综述的相关指南为指导。对五个电子数据库（PsycINFO、MEDLINE complete、ERIC、EMBASE和Cochrane图书馆）进行了检索，并从创刊至2024年8月9日进行了额外的手工检索。纳入了2012年至2024年期间以英文发表的同行评审文章。
通过标题和摘要筛选了总共390篇文章，并对96篇文章进行了全文评审。经过额外的检索（手工检索和参考文献列表），共确定了23篇符合条件的文章。证据以表格和文本形式呈现，并使用定性主题分析进行描述。综合分析表明，相关研究领域新颖、异质且零散。在家庭背景中，儿童使用屏幕和接触自然存在多种相互作用的途径；然而，探索它们对关系型家庭过程的同步和双向影响的研究有限。
研究结果强调了从关系范式研究儿童屏幕使用和接触自然的重要性。未来的研究应探索自然和屏幕使用对幼儿期至童年晚期二元家庭过程和关系结果的相互影响的潜在机制。开放科学框架注册：https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/TFZDV 。
