Troeger Willi, Winkler Manuel, Isser Markus, Lederer Wolfgang
Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
Medical Division, Austrian Mountain Rescue Service Tyrol, Telfs, Austria.
Wilderness Environ Med. 2025 Jun;36(2):159-165. doi: 10.1177/10806032241300132. Epub 2024 Dec 20.
IntroductionLightweight shelters made of water- and windproof polyester are frequently used by mountain rescue, but information on physical and psychological stress during their use is scarce.MethodsA prospective observational study was conducted with 48 experienced rescuers who performed cardiopulmonary resuscitation training on a manikin in a shelter in alpine terrain. The objective parameters of air temperature, moisture, and concentrations of carbon dioxide and oxygen were measured inside the shelter. The subjective experience of the rescuers regarding stress, moisture, noise, air draft, convenience, spatial confinement, brightness, room temperature, and air quality was assessed using a questionnaire.ResultsDuring 15 min of cardiopulmonary resuscitation, the median temperature in the shelter rose by >15°C (Δ, 15.9°C; interquartile range, 14.3-16.5°C; =0.018). Carbon dioxide concentrations increased to 0.97 vol% maximum. Bag valve mask ventilation was established with and without the use of supplemental oxygen, which showed significantly different oxygen shelter concentrations (21.1 vol% with oxygen, 20.6 vol% without oxygen; <0.001). Most participants rated the physical comfort and spatial conditions inside the shelter as convenient.ConclusionsIn this study, the use of shelters in alpine terrain improved physical comfort while carrying out a rescue. Most participants gave high ratings for the working conditions in the shelter.
引言
由防水防风聚酯制成的轻型避难所在山地救援中经常使用，但关于使用过程中的生理和心理压力的信息却很少。
方法
对48名经验丰富的救援人员进行了一项前瞻性观察研究，他们在高山地形的一个避难所内对人体模型进行心肺复苏训练。测量了避难所内的气温、湿度、二氧化碳和氧气浓度等客观参数。使用问卷调查评估了救援人员在压力、湿度、噪音、气流、便利性、空间限制、亮度、室温及空气质量方面的主观感受。
结果
在15分钟的心肺复苏过程中，避难所内的温度中位数上升超过15°C（差值为15.9°C；四分位间距为14.3 - 16.5°C；P = 0.018）。二氧化碳浓度最高增加到0.97体积%。在使用和不使用补充氧气的情况下均进行了袋阀面罩通气，结果显示避难所内的氧气浓度有显著差异（使用氧气时为21.1体积%，不使用氧气时为20.6体积%；P < 0.001）。大多数参与者认为避难所内的身体舒适度和空间条件很便利。
结论
在本研究中，在高山地形使用避难所在实施救援时提高了身体舒适度。大多数参与者对避难所内的工作条件给予了高度评价。
