Chauhan Shubham, Gaidhane Shilpa, Priya G Padma, Sharma Pawan, Bhat Mahakshit, Sharma Shilpa, Kumar M Ravi, Sinha Aashna, Zahiruddin Quazi Syed, Dev Navneet, Bushi Ganesh, Jena Diptismita, Shabil Muhammed, Sah Sanjit, Syed Rukshar, Kundra Kamal, Dash Alisha, Samal Shailesh Kumar
Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, India.
One Health Centre (COHERD), Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education, Wardha, India.
Front Neurol. 2024 Dec 5;15:1500551. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2024.1500551. eCollection 2024.
Neurological disorders are a major global health concern, especially in BRICS nations (Brazil, Russia, India, China, South Africa), where demographic and socio-economic changes have amplified their impact. This study evaluates trends in incidence, prevalence, mortality, and Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALYs) associated with neurological diseases in these countries from 1990 to 2021, focusing on sex disparities and key risk factors.
Data were obtained from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2021 database. Join point regression and Estimated Annual Percentage Change (EAPC) analyses were used to assess trends in neurological disease burden. Age-standardized rates for incidence, prevalence, and mortality were calculated, along with DALYs, and key risk factors were analyzed.
China showed the largest increase in incidence (7541.89 to 8031.37 per 100,000) and prevalence (26494.85 to 28534.79 per 100,000). Mortality increased in India (21.01 to 24.27 per 100,000) and South Africa (27.66 to 30.65 per 100,000), while China showed a decline (39.59 to 37.30 per 100,000). Brazil experienced a substantial rise in DALYs (1610.65 to 42024.59). Sex disparities showed higher DALY rates for females across all nations.
The research highlights the rising burden of neurological disorders in BRICS nations, especially in China and Brazil due to aging populations and metabolic risks. It emphasizes the need for targeted interventions in India and South Africa, where increasing mortality rates and DALYs are concerning. Effective health policies should focus on early detection, managing metabolic risks, and implementing sex-specific strategies to address these issues.
神经疾病是全球主要的健康问题，尤其在金砖国家（巴西、俄罗斯、印度、中国、南非），人口结构和社会经济变化加剧了其影响。本研究评估了1990年至2021年这些国家与神经疾病相关的发病率、患病率、死亡率和伤残调整生命年（DALYs）趋势，重点关注性别差异和关键风险因素。
数据来自《2021年全球疾病负担》（GBD）数据库。采用 Joinpoint 回归和估计年百分比变化（EAPC）分析来评估神经疾病负担的趋势。计算了发病率、患病率和死亡率的年龄标准化率以及伤残调整生命年，并分析了关键风险因素。
中国的发病率（每10万人从7541.89增至8031.37）和患病率（每10万人从26494.85增至28534.79）增长幅度最大。印度（每10万人从21.01增至24.27）和南非（每10万人从27.66增至30.65）的死亡率上升，而中国则下降（每10万人从39.59降至37.30）。巴西的伤残调整生命年大幅上升（从1610.65增至42024.59）。性别差异显示，所有国家女性的伤残调整生命年率更高。
该研究凸显了金砖国家神经疾病负担的上升，尤其是中国和巴西，原因是人口老龄化和代谢风险。研究强调在印度和南非需要有针对性的干预措施，因为这两个国家死亡率和伤残调整生命年的上升令人担忧。有效的卫生政策应注重早期检测、管理代谢风险以及实施针对性别的策略来解决这些问题。
