Subedee Koshal C, Paudel Krishna P, Pandey Hem Raj, Chaudhary Mukesh, Kandel Shashi, Pradhan Mona, Baidya Manish, Pokhrel Amrit, Shakya Anu, Thakur Nishant, Gautam Rabin, Gautam Dipendra, Karna Ajit, Poudel Pushpa R, Poudel Anjila, Adhikari Shankar, Giri Binod, Thapa Subash
Epidemiology and Disease Control Division, Kathmandu, Nepal.
Ministry of Health and Population, Kathmandu, Nepal.
IJID Reg. 2024 Nov 10;14:100489. doi: 10.1016/j.ijregi.2024.100489. eCollection 2025 Mar.
On October 4, 2021, a cholera outbreak was reported in Kapilvastu District, one of Nepal's 26 districts bordering India. This study examined the outbreak's characteristics, response efforts, and the challenges faced.
A descriptive cross-sectional design was applied for the outbreak investigation. Data were gathered through a review of cases registered in three local health facilities and community-based active case searching. A descriptive analysis was performed on the collected data.
Between October 4 and December 2, 2021, 1570 cases were reported across 10 municipalities in Kapilvastu, with 88.6% of cases occurring in communities bordering India. Most affected were female patients (55%) and children aged 5-14 years (32%). A total of 39% cases were confirmed to have the O1 Ogawa serotype, which showed resistance to cotrimoxazole. Additionally, 453 cases of acute watery diarrhea were identified in the community, with 23% showing signs of dehydration. Of 29 water samples, 17 (59%) were contaminated with fecal coliform.
Communities along the Nepal-India border are highly vulnerable to cholera outbreaks, highlighting the urgent need for improved water, sanitation, and hygiene practices. A coordinated approach to cholera surveillance and preparedness is crucial to prevent future outbreaks.
2021年10月4日，尼泊尔与印度接壤的26个地区之一的卡皮拉瓦斯图区报告了霍乱疫情。本研究调查了疫情的特征、应对措施以及面临的挑战。
采用描述性横断面设计进行疫情调查。通过查阅三个当地卫生机构登记的病例以及基于社区的主动病例搜索收集数据。对收集到的数据进行描述性分析。
2021年10月4日至12月2日期间，卡皮拉瓦斯图的10个市共报告了1570例病例，其中88.6%的病例发生在与印度接壤的社区。受影响最大的是女性患者（55%）和5至14岁的儿童（32%）。共有39%的病例被确诊为O1小川血清型，该血清型对复方新诺明耐药。此外，在社区中发现了453例急性水样腹泻病例，其中23%有脱水迹象。在29份水样中，17份（59%）被粪大肠菌群污染。
尼泊尔-印度边境沿线的社区极易发生霍乱疫情，这凸显了改善水、环境卫生和个人卫生习惯的迫切需要。采取协调一致的霍乱监测和防范方法对于预防未来疫情至关重要。
