Pal Bibhuti Bhusan, Khuntia Hemant Kumar, Samal Surya Kanta, Das Soumya Sucharita, Chhotray Guru Prasad
Pathology and Microbiology Division, Regional Medical Research Centre, Orissa, India.
Jpn J Infect Dis. 2006 Aug;59(4):266-9.
A total of 431 rectal swabs, collected from acute diarrheal cases at a surveillance site and at different diarrheal outbreak areas of Orissa from May to October 2005, were bacteriologically analyzed. Out of 265 culture-positive samples, Vibrio cholerae O1 was isolated in 56 samples (20.8%), of which 37 were the Inaba serotype and 19 were the Ogawa. The antibiogram profile revealed that all the V. cholerae O1 Ogawa and Inaba serotypes were uniformly sensitive to ampicillin, chloramphenicol, gentamicin, ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin and tetracycline. The V. cholerae O1 Inaba serotypes were resistant to furazolidone and nalidixic acid, while the Ogawa strains were resistant to furazolidone, nalidixic acid and neomycin. The multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay on some selected strains of both serotypes revealed that all the strains were positive for ctxA and tcpA genes showing biotype El Tor. The present study revealed the emergence of V. cholerae O1 biotype El Tor serotype Inaba, which caused sporadic outbreaks of cholera in 2005. The outbreaks of diarrheal disorders in one geographical area of the state (in the Pattamundai area, Kendrapara district) in 2005 were due to V. cholerae O1 Ogawa, whereas the other outbreaks in other areas (Puri, Khurda and Dhenkanal districts) from August to October 2005 were due to V. cholerae O1 serotype Inaba. This is the first report that an emergence of V. cholerae O1 serotype Inaba caused sporadic outbreaks of cholera in different parts of Orissa. Switching over of V. cholerae O1 Ogawa strains to Inaba, causing diarrheal outbreaks in Orissa, needs close monitoring.
2005年5月至10月期间，从奥里萨邦一个监测点以及不同腹泻暴发地区的急性腹泻病例中总共采集了431份直肠拭子，并进行了细菌学分析。在265份培养阳性样本中，56份（20.8%）分离出霍乱弧菌O1，其中37份为稻叶血清型，19份为小川血清型。抗菌谱分析显示，所有霍乱弧菌O1小川血清型和稻叶血清型对氨苄西林、氯霉素、庆大霉素、环丙沙星、诺氟沙星和四环素均呈一致敏感。霍乱弧菌O1稻叶血清型对呋喃唑酮和萘啶酸耐药，而小川菌株对呋喃唑酮、萘啶酸和新霉素耐药。对两种血清型的部分选定菌株进行多重聚合酶链反应（PCR）检测显示，所有菌株ctxA和tcpA基因均为阳性，表明为埃尔托生物型。本研究揭示了霍乱弧菌O1埃尔托生物型稻叶血清型的出现，该血清型在2005年引发了霍乱的散发性暴发。该邦一个地理区域（肯德拉帕拉区帕塔蒙代地区）2005年的腹泻疾病暴发是由霍乱弧菌O1小川血清型引起的，而2005年8月至10月其他地区（普里、库尔达和登卡纳尔区）的其他暴发则是由霍乱弧菌O1稻叶血清型引起的。这是关于霍乱弧菌O1稻叶血清型的出现导致奥里萨邦不同地区霍乱散发性暴发的首次报告。霍乱弧菌O1小川菌株向稻叶血清型的转变导致奥里萨邦腹泻暴发，需要密切监测。
