Chen Lida, Lü Guiyun, Yang Songhan, Gong Binbin, Lu Yusong, Wu Xiaolei, Li Jingrui, Gao Hongbo
Key Laboratory of North China Water-Saving Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hebei Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Innovation and Utilization, Collaborative Innovation Center of Vegetable Industry in Hebei, College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China.
Front Microbiol. 2024 Dec 4;15:1460729. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1460729. eCollection 2024.
Soil borne diseases are one of the most serious diseases which often results the decline of vegetables quality and loss of production. Moreover, it is difficult for plants to exhibit disease symptoms in the early stages attributing to strong concealment of soil borne pathogens. Therefore, early detection of pathogens and their physiological races plays an important role in reducing the harm of pathogens associated with diseases of vegetable crops. The traditional diagnostic techniques relied on the time consuming and less accurate methods like disease symptom observation, microscopic diagnosis, and culture techniques etc. The development of molecular biology technology has brought revolutionary changes to the diagnosis of vegetable soil borne diseases, improving the accuracy and efficiency of diagnosis. This paper reviews the various molecular detection techniques for vegetable soil borne pathogens (PCR, nested-PCR, multiplex PCR, etc.) and their physiological races (host identification, DNA molecular markers, transposon detection, etc.), explains the advantages and disadvantages of each detection technique. Furthermore, the paper comprehensively introduces the application of molecular detection technology for soil borne pathogen detection in soil, plants, and seeds. Finally, we put forward important perspectives for the future development of rapid detection methods, aiming to promote rapid diagnosis of soil pathogenic microorganisms and provide guidance for the control of biological risks.
土传病害是最严重的病害之一，常导致蔬菜品质下降和产量损失。此外，由于土传病原菌的强隐蔽性，植物在早期阶段很难表现出病害症状。因此，早期检测病原菌及其生理小种对于减少与蔬菜作物病害相关的病原菌危害具有重要作用。传统的诊断技术依赖于耗时且不太准确的方法，如病害症状观察、显微镜诊断和培养技术等。分子生物学技术的发展给蔬菜土传病害的诊断带来了革命性的变化，提高了诊断的准确性和效率。本文综述了蔬菜土传病原菌的各种分子检测技术（PCR、巢式PCR、多重PCR等）及其生理小种（寄主鉴定、DNA分子标记、转座子检测等），阐述了每种检测技术的优缺点。此外，本文还全面介绍了分子检测技术在土壤、植物和种子中土传病原菌检测的应用。最后，我们对快速检测方法的未来发展提出了重要展望，旨在促进土壤病原微生物的快速诊断，并为生物风险控制提供指导。
