Nauman Callie, Stanislawczyk Keara, Reitz Laura A, Chaffin Justin D
Biological Sciences, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, OH, USA.
F.T Stone Laboratory, The Ohio State University, 878 Bayview Ave. Put-in-Bay, OH 43456, USA.
J Great Lakes Res. 2024 Jun;50(3). doi: 10.1016/j.jglr.2024.102342. Epub 2024 Mar 30.
Cyanobacterial blooms in the western basin of Lake Erie have been well studied with a focus on planktonic and the cyanotoxin microcystin, but recent research has shown that blooms are not entirely . Previous studies have documented other taxa in blooms capable of producing other cyanotoxins. Furthermore, benthic cyanobacteria have historically been overlooked in Lake Erie. Saxitoxin is a cyanotoxin of emerging concern in freshwater, and the gene which encodes its production has been found in the Maumee River and central basin of Lake Erie. Collectively, these points indicated that saxitoxin-producing cyanobacteria may also occur in the western basin. We utilized three sources of data to determine the spatial and temporal distribution of potential saxitoxin-producing cyanobacteria in the water column (years 2018-2022) and deployed nutrient diffusing substrata (NDS) to determine the impact of nutrients, depth, and season on potential-STX producing benthic cyanobacteria (years 2018 & 2019). The water column datasets showed that "hotspots" of lasted only a few weeks. gene copies per mL did not correlate with or biovolume, which have been associated with elsewhere. In the NDS, saxitoxin (ng/cm) and cyanobacteria chlorophyll were inversely correlated with the highest saxitoxin in September and at the deeper depth, whereas cyanobacteria chlorophyll was highest during June and at the shallower depth. This research suggests continued monitoring is needed to determine drivers of saxitoxin in the western basin, and we recommend that future Lake Erie cyanobacteria research should not solely focus on microcystins and planktonic blooms.
伊利湖西部流域的蓝藻水华已得到充分研究，重点是浮游生物和蓝藻毒素微囊藻毒素，但最近的研究表明，水华并不完全如此。先前的研究记录了水华中能够产生其他蓝藻毒素的其他分类群。此外，伊利湖底栖蓝藻在历史上一直被忽视。石房蛤毒素是淡水中一种新出现的受关注蓝藻毒素，在莫米河和伊利湖中部流域发现了编码其产生的基因。总体而言，这些情况表明，产生石房蛤毒素的蓝藻也可能出现在西部流域。我们利用三种数据来源来确定水柱中潜在产生石房蛤毒素的蓝藻的时空分布（2018 - 2022年），并部署了营养扩散基质（NDS）来确定营养物质、深度和季节对潜在产生石房蛤毒素的底栖蓝藻的影响（2018年和2019年）。水柱数据集显示，[相关物质]的“热点”仅持续几周。每毫升的[相关基因]拷贝数与[其他物质]或[另一物质]生物量不相关，而在其他地方，[其他物质]或[另一物质]生物量与[相关物质]有关。在NDS中，石房蛤毒素（纳克/平方厘米）和蓝藻叶绿素呈负相关，9月和较深深度处石房蛤毒素含量最高，而蓝藻叶绿素在6月和较浅深度处含量最高。这项研究表明，需要持续监测以确定西部流域石房蛤毒素的驱动因素，并且我们建议未来伊利湖蓝藻研究不应仅关注微囊藻毒素和浮游水华。
