Zhao Yuqi, Li Chaoqun, Zhou Shi, Xu Zhiguang, Huang Xin, Wen Li
School of Sports and Health, Nanjing Sport Institute, Nanjing, China.
School of Social Sports and Health Sciences, Tianjin University of Sport, Tianjin, China.
PeerJ. 2024 Dec 16;12:e18503. doi: 10.7717/peerj.18503. eCollection 2024.
Inhalation of hydrogen gas (H) as an antioxidant supplement may alleviate exercise-induced oxidative damage and protect post-exercise hydrogen peroxide signaling, which may help mediate beneficial exercise adaptation. The aims of this study were to determine the effects of H inhalation on plasma nitric oxide (NO) level and its synthesis precursor in professional athletes.
A randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, crossover trial was conducted with professional male rugby players for 3 weeks. Participants underwent 1 week of H supplementation and 1 week of placebo treatment prior to daily sessions of high-intensity exercise training, separated by 1 week of low-intensity training as a washout.
Two-way (supplementation and time) repeated-measures analyses of variance showed that NO, L-arginine, and tetrahydrobiopterin levels in the H inhalation group were significantly higher than those in the placebo group after exercise (D6) and remained higher after 24 h of rest (D7). Levels of hydroxydeoxyguanosine and interleukin 6 were lower in the H inhalation week than in the placebo week on D6 and D7. In addition, total antioxidant levels were significantly higher with H inhalation than with placebo.
These results suggest that H inhalation helps to maintain NO signaling after exercise and to alleviate inflammation and oxidative stress induced by high-intensity exercise training in professional athletes.
吸入氢气（H₂）作为一种抗氧化剂补充剂，可能减轻运动诱导的氧化损伤，并保护运动后的过氧化氢信号传导，这可能有助于介导有益的运动适应性变化。本研究的目的是确定吸入氢气对职业运动员血浆一氧化氮（NO）水平及其合成前体的影响。
对职业男性橄榄球运动员进行了一项随机、安慰剂对照、双盲、交叉试验，为期3周。在每日高强度运动训练前，参与者先接受1周的氢气补充和1周的安慰剂治疗，中间间隔1周的低强度训练作为洗脱期。
双向（补充剂和时间）重复测量方差分析表明，吸入氢气组运动后（第6天）的NO、L-精氨酸和四氢生物蝶呤水平显著高于安慰剂组，休息24小时后（第7天）仍保持较高水平。在第6天和第7天，吸入氢气周的羟基脱氧鸟苷和白细胞介素6水平低于安慰剂周。此外，吸入氢气组的总抗氧化水平显著高于安慰剂组。
这些结果表明，吸入氢气有助于在运动后维持NO信号传导，并减轻职业运动员高强度运动训练诱导的炎症和氧化应激。
