Bonacquisti Alexa, Woodworth Emily C, Diaz Maria, Grunberg Victoria A
Department of Clinical Psychology, Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America.
Department of Psychology, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, NY, United States of America.
PLoS One. 2024 Dec 20;19(12):e0312454. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0312454. eCollection 2024.
Although up to 20% of women experience postpartum depression and/or anxiety, current interventions are limited. Identifying the processes that impact outcomes can inform and enhance interventions. Our study aims to examine: (1) whether acceptance-based process variables (awareness, acceptance, cognitive defusion, psychological flexibility) were associated with postpartum outcomes; and (2) whether psychological flexibility mediated the relationship between treatment engagement and postpartum outcomes.
Postpartum women (N = 266) were recruited online using snowball sampling via social media (i.e., Facebook). They completed a cross-sectional survey of validated and reliable quantitative measures assessing their well-being, emotional distress, and acceptance-based processes.
Hierarchical regressions revealed that women with more awareness (β = .13; p = .023), acceptance (β = .17; p = .036), and cognitive defusion (β = -.46; p < .001) reported better well-being. When adding in psychological flexibility, cognitive defusion (β = -.24; p = .031) and psychological flexibility (β = -.33; p = .003) explained variance in well-being. Women with more acceptance (β = -.32; p < .001) and cognitive defusion (β = .52; p < .001) endorsed less emotional distress. When adding in psychological flexibility, acceptance (β = -.28; p < .001), cognitive defusion (β = .40; p < .001), and psychological flexibility (β = .18; p = .047) explained variance in emotional distress. Mediation models revealed that psychological flexibility explained the relationship between mental health treatment and well-being (b = 3.91, SE = 0.66, CI = [2.69, 5.30]) and emotional distress (b = -5.74, SE = 1.08, CI = [-1.26, 3.00]).
Targeting these acceptance-based processes in interventions may help to improve maternal, child, and family outcomes.
尽管高达20%的女性会经历产后抑郁和/或焦虑，但目前的干预措施有限。识别影响结果的过程可以为干预措施提供信息并加以改进。我们的研究旨在探讨：（1）基于接纳的过程变量（觉察、接纳、认知解离、心理灵活性）是否与产后结果相关；（2）心理灵活性是否介导了治疗参与度与产后结果之间的关系。
通过社交媒体（即脸书）采用滚雪球抽样法在线招募产后女性（N = 266）。她们完成了一项横断面调查，其中包括评估其幸福感、情绪困扰和基于接纳的过程的有效且可靠的定量测量。
分层回归显示，觉察力更强（β = .13；p = .023）、接纳程度更高（β = .17；p = .036）以及认知解离程度更高（β = -.46；p < .001）的女性报告的幸福感更好。加入心理灵活性后，认知解离（β = -.24；p = .031）和心理灵活性（β = -.33；p = .003）解释了幸福感的差异。接纳程度更高（β = -.32；p < .001）以及认知解离程度更高（β = .52；p < .001）的女性报告的情绪困扰更少。加入心理灵活性后，接纳（β = -.28；p < .001）、认知解离（β = .40；p < .001）和心理灵活性（β = .18；p = .047）解释了情绪困扰的差异。中介模型显示，心理灵活性解释了心理健康治疗与幸福感之间的关系（b = 3.91，SE = 0.66，CI = [2.69, 5.30]）以及与情绪困扰之间的关系（b = -5.74，SE = 1.08，CI = [-1.26, 3.00]）。
在干预措施中针对这些基于接纳的过程可能有助于改善母婴及家庭的结局。
