Ilatovskaya Daria V, Ogola Benard, Faulkner Jessica L, Mamenko Mykola, Taylor Erin B, Dent Elena, Ryan Michael J, Sullivan Jennifer C
Department of Physiology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, United States.
Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, United States.
Am J Physiol Renal Physiol. 2025 Feb 1;328(2):F204-F217. doi: 10.1152/ajprenal.00136.2024. Epub 2024 Dec 20.
Biological sex significantly influences disease presentation, progression, and therapeutic outcomes in chronic kidney disease and acute kidney injury. Sex hormones, including estrogen and testosterone, modulate key renal functions, including renal blood flow, glomerular filtration, and electrolyte transport, thereby affecting disease trajectory in a sex-specific manner. It is critical for researchers to understand why and how to integrate sex as a biological variable in data collection, analysis, and reporting. Integrating a sex-based perspective in kidney research will lead to more personalized and efficacious treatment strategies, optimizing therapeutic interventions for each sex. If addressed properly, the incorporation of sex as a biological variable (SABV) in renal research not only enhances the mechanistic understanding of renal disease, but also paves the way for precision medicine, promising improved clinical outcomes, and tailored treatment protocols for all patients. This paper is designed to serve as a guideline for researchers interested in rigorously incorporating sex as a biological variable in their studies.
生物性别对慢性肾脏病和急性肾损伤的疾病表现、进展及治疗结果有显著影响。包括雌激素和睾酮在内的性激素调节关键的肾脏功能，包括肾血流量、肾小球滤过及电解质转运，从而以性别特异性方式影响疾病进程。对于研究人员而言，理解为何以及如何在数据收集、分析和报告中将性别作为一个生物学变量至关重要。在肾脏研究中纳入基于性别的视角将带来更个性化且有效的治疗策略，为每种性别优化治疗干预措施。如果处理得当，在肾脏研究中纳入性别作为生物学变量（SABV）不仅能增强对肾脏疾病机制的理解，还能为精准医学铺平道路，有望改善所有患者的临床结局并制定个性化的治疗方案。本文旨在为有兴趣在其研究中严格纳入性别作为生物学变量的研究人员提供指导方针。
