Sales Larissa Sthefani, Silva-Sousa Alice Correa, Nascimento Glauce Crivelaro, Bel Elaine Del, Paula-Silva Francisco Wanderley Garcia
Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
Department of Basic and Oral Biology, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, São Paulo, Brazil.
J Dent. 2025 Feb;153:105535. doi: 10.1016/j.jdent.2024.105535. Epub 2024 Dec 18.
This study investigated the in vitro effects of cannabidiol (CBD) on dental pulp cells and macrophages under pro-inflammatory conditions.
Mouse dental pulp cells (OD-21) were pre-stimulated with tumor necrosis factor alpha (10 ng/mL) or left untreated, then exposed to CBD at concentrations of 0.01 µM, 0.1 µM, 1 µM, and 10 µM for 24 h and 7 days. Cell viability was assessed using the MTT assay, while gene expression related to mineralization-Dentin Sialophosphoprotein (Dspp), Dentin Matrix Protein 1 (Dmp1), Runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2), TNF-α (Tnf), and prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 (Ptgs2) were analyzed via quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Mineralization nodule formation was evaluated using alizarin red staining. Macrophages (RAW 264.7) were stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) for 2 h before exposure to the same CBD concentrations. Data analysis included the Shapiro-Wilk normality test and comparisons using ANOVA and Tukey's post-hoc test (α = 0.05).
The findings indicated that CBD did not significantly affect OD-21 cell viability, except for the 10 µM concentration after 7 days (p < 0.05). CBD treatment promoted mineralization, with significant differences observed among groups (p < 0.05). Notably, Ptgs2 expression varied between time points, while Runx2 expression was significantly reduced at 24 h (p < 0.05). In macrophages, Ptgs2 and Tnf levels were downregulated by all tested CBD concentrations (p < 0.05).
These results indicate that cannabidiol positively influence the biomineralization process and modulate inflammatory mediator expression.
Our research indicates that cannabidiol presents biomineralization potential within inflammatory contexts, implying its potential as a promisor bioactive substance for regenerating oral tissues by interacting with cells and tissues to induce specific responses.
