Innovative approaches to tissue engineering: Utilizing decellularized extracellular matrix hydrogels for mesenchymal stem cell transport.

In recent years, the realm of tissue regeneration experienced significant advancements, leading to the development of innovative therapeutic agents. The systemic delivery of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) emerged as a promising strategy for promoting tissue regeneration. However, this approach is hindered by hurdles such as poor cell survival, limited cell propagation, and inadequate cell integration. Decellularized extracellular matrix (dECM) hydrogel serves as an innovative carrier that protects MSCs from the detrimental effects of the hostile microenvironment, facilitates their localization and retention at the injection site, and preserves their viability. Regarding its low immunogenicity, low cytotoxicity, high biocompatibility, and its ability to mimic natural extracellular matrix (ECM), this natural hydrogel offers a new avenue for systemic delivery of MSCs. This review digs into the properties of dECM hydrogels (dECMHs), the methods employed for decellularization and the utilization of dECMH as carriers for various types of MSCs for tissue regeneration purposes. This review also sheds light on the benefits of hybrid hydrogels composed of dECMH and other components such as proteins and polysaccharides. By addressing the limitations of conventional hydrogels and enhancing efficacy of cell therapy, dECMH opens new pathways for the future of tissue regeneration.