Veronese Nicola, Burgio Marianna Ilarj, Mandalà Caterina, Saguto Dario, Dominguez Ligia J, Barbagallo Mario, Smith Lee, Fontana Luigi, Lip Gregory Y H, Prokopidis Konstantinos
Geriatrics Section, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.
Geriatrics Section, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.
Ageing Res Rev. 2025 Feb;104:102645. doi: 10.1016/j.arr.2024.102645. Epub 2024 Dec 18.
The impact of chronic exercise on cardiometabolic risk is a crucial aspect of public health. However, limited knowledge exists regarding differences in cardiometabolic parameters between older athletes, older controls, and sedentary or active young controls.
A comprehensive search in major databases until October 2024 was conducted for studies comparing older athletes with older controls or with both sedentary and active younger adults. Mean differences (MDs) with 95 % confidence intervals were used for data reporting.
From 25,910 screened studies, 61 studies including 75 cohorts were deemed of good quality, encompassing 1393 older athletes, 1369 older controls, 402 young sedentary controls, and 283 young active individuals. In comparison to older controls, older athletes exhibited significantly improved vascular parameters (systolic [MD=-5.04 mmHg] and diastolic [MD=-2.03 mmHg] blood pressure), cardiac (heart rate frequency [MD=-10.41 bpm]), and metabolic parameters (serum cholesterol profile). Conversely, when compared to young sedentary controls, older athletes displayed a less favorable blood pressure and metabolic (cholesterol, glucose) profile. Similar trends were observed when comparing older athletes to young active controls. Sensitivity and meta-regression analyses suggested that exercise lasting over 30 years might offer partial benefits for several markers of cholesterol and VO.
Long-term exercise is linked to a more optimal cardiometabolic profile, although it may not fully replicate the metabolic and cardiovascular health markers observed in younger individuals.
长期运动对心脏代谢风险的影响是公共卫生的一个关键方面。然而，关于老年运动员、老年对照组以及久坐或活跃的年轻对照组之间心脏代谢参数差异的了解有限。
在主要数据库中进行全面检索，直至2024年10月，以查找比较老年运动员与老年对照组或与久坐和活跃的年轻成年人的研究。数据报告采用95%置信区间的平均差异（MDs）。
在筛选的25910项研究中，61项研究（包括75个队列）被认为质量良好，涵盖1393名老年运动员、1369名老年对照组、402名年轻久坐对照组和283名年轻活跃个体。与老年对照组相比，老年运动员的血管参数（收缩压[MD=-5.04 mmHg]和舒张压[MD=-2.03 mmHg]）、心脏参数（心率频率[MD=-10.41 bpm]）和代谢参数（血清胆固醇谱）有显著改善。相反，与年轻久坐对照组相比，老年运动员的血压和代谢（胆固醇、葡萄糖）状况较差。在将老年运动员与年轻活跃对照组进行比较时也观察到类似趋势。敏感性和Meta回归分析表明，持续超过30年以上的运动可能对胆固醇和VO的几个指标有部分益处。
长期运动与更优化的心脏代谢状况相关，尽管它可能无法完全复制在年轻人中观察到的代谢和心血管健康指标。
