Jaworek Andrzej Kazimierz, Hałubiec Przemysław, Sroka Damian, Grabarczyk Iga, Kachnic Natalia, Wojas-Pelc Anna, Szepietowski Jacek Cezary
Department of Dermatology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Cracow, Poland.
Doctoral School of Medical and Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Cracow, Poland.
Mycoses. 2024 Dec;67(12):e70009. doi: 10.1111/myc.70009.
Superficial fungal infections (SFI) are contagious conditions affecting the skin and its appendages, caused by various fungal species. Monitoring the distribution of common pathogens and identifying at-risk patient groups are essential for effective management and prevention.
This study investigates the characteristics of SFI in Poland's Malopolska region from 2017 to 2019, focusing on etiological agents, infection sites and risk factors.
PATIENTS/METHODS: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 4522 mycological cultures from 3594 patients, incorporating demographic data (age, sex), sample sites and mycological test results.
Among the 1175 positive mycological tests recorded from 959 patients, Trichophyton rubrum-primarily affecting toenails and feet-and Candida albicans-mainly targeting fingernails-were the most common pathogens across all age groups. Children exhibited a higher incidence of infections caused by Microsporum canis, Malassezia furfur and T. mentagrophytes. In contrast, Scopulariopsis brevicaulis was more frequently identified in individuals over 60 years old.
The observed trends in SFI characteristics at our centre during the pre-pandemic period align with global epidemiological data. However, further studies are warranted to address existing gaps in understanding the epidemiology of SFI and to refine preventive and therapeutic strategies.
浅表真菌感染（SFI）是由多种真菌引起的、影响皮肤及其附属器的传染性疾病。监测常见病原体的分布并识别高危患者群体对于有效管理和预防至关重要。
本研究调查了2017年至2019年波兰小波兰省地区浅表真菌感染的特征，重点关注病原体、感染部位和危险因素。
患者/方法：对3594例患者的4522份真菌培养物进行回顾性分析，纳入人口统计学数据（年龄、性别）、样本部位和真菌学检测结果。
在959例患者记录的1175份真菌学检测阳性结果中，红色毛癣菌（主要感染趾甲和足部）和白色念珠菌（主要感染指甲）是所有年龄组中最常见的病原体。儿童感染犬小孢子菌、糠秕马拉色菌和须癣毛癣菌的发生率较高。相比之下，短帚霉在60岁以上人群中更常被检出。
在大流行前时期，我们中心观察到的浅表真菌感染特征趋势与全球流行病学数据一致。然而，有必要进一步开展研究，以填补在浅表真菌感染流行病学认识方面的现有空白，并完善预防和治疗策略。
