Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Niš, Niš, Serbia.
Center of Microbiology and Parasitology, Public Health Institute Niš, Niš, Serbia.
Mycoses. 2019 May;62(5):458-465. doi: 10.1111/myc.12900. Epub 2019 Mar 14.
Superficial fungal infections (SFI), one of the most prevalent diseases in the world, are infections of keratin-rich structures of human body mostly caused by dermatophytes and yeasts.
The goal of this study was to determine the possible changes in the epidemiology of SFI on the territory of Southeastern Serbia and to investigate epidemiological characteristics and the influence of SFI on the patient's quality of life.
From 2012 to the end of 2017, samples of 1643 patients (568 males and 1075 females, mean age 40.32 ± 22.44 years) with suspected SFI from Southeastern Serbia were examined using the standard mycological methods. The questionnaires were used to investigate epidemiological characteristics.
Superficial fungal infections were diagnosed in 20.5% (n = 336) of patients. In the group of dermatophytes, the most prevalent was Microsporum canis (63.9%, n = 76) followed by Trichophyton mentagrophytes (21.8%, n = 26). Non-albicans Candida species were dominant aetiological agents of superficial candidosis (62.3%). BMI ≥25 kg/m (P = 0.019) was determined as an independent risk factor for SFI. There was a statistically significant difference in the EQVAS score between the groups of patients and the control group (P < 0.001).
Results of conducted study indicate that SFI prevalence has not changed in the previous period. However, increase of Candida-SFI prevalence, especially Candida onychomycosis, was established.
浅部真菌感染（SFI）是世界上最常见的疾病之一，主要由真菌和酵母菌引起，感染人体富含角蛋白的结构。
本研究旨在确定塞尔维亚东南部地区 SFI 的流行病学可能发生的变化，并调查其流行病学特征以及对患者生活质量的影响。
2012 年至 2017 年底，采用标准的真菌学方法对来自塞尔维亚东南部的 1643 例疑似 SFI 患者（男性 568 例，女性 1075 例，平均年龄 40.32±22.44 岁）的样本进行了检测。采用问卷调查法调查流行病学特征。
在 20.5%（n=336）的患者中诊断为浅部真菌感染。在真菌组中，最常见的是犬小孢子菌（63.9%，n=76），其次是须癣毛癣菌（21.8%，n=26）。非白念珠菌属念珠菌是浅部念珠菌病的主要病原体（62.3%）。BMI≥25kg/m（P=0.019）被确定为 SFI 的独立危险因素。患者组和对照组的 EQVAS 评分存在统计学差异（P<0.001）。
本研究结果表明，在过去的一段时间里，SFI 的患病率没有变化。然而，念珠菌性 SFI 尤其是甲真菌病的患病率有所增加。
