Samavarchitehrani Amirsaeed, Norouzi Mitra, Khalaji Amirmohammad, Ghondaghsaz Elina, Behnoush Amir Hossein
Faculty of Medicine, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran.
BMC Cardiovasc Disord. 2024 Dec 20;24(1):727. doi: 10.1186/s12872-024-04420-x.
Heart failure (HF) is among the cardiovascular diseases with high morbidity and mortality worldwide. Due to the high burden of HF, finding easy-to-use prognostic factors has become important. Studies have investigated the correlation between anion gap (AG) and the HF prognosis. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we aimed to evaluate the association between AG association with HF prognosis.
PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and the Web of Science were systematically searched for studies evaluating AG in HF prognosis. Standardized mean difference (SMD) and pooled hazard ratio (HR) in addition to 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using random-effect meta-analyses to compare survivors vs. non-survivors.
Nine studies were included in this systematic review. In a random-effect meta-analysis comparing AG levels in those who died and survivors, non-survivors had significantly higher levels of AG (SMD 0.57, 95% CI 0.42 to 0.71, P < 0.0001, I = 46.4%). Meta-analysis of HRs for assessment of mortality revealed that high AG levels had significantly higher hazards of mortality, compared with low AG group (HR 1.64, 95% CI 1.35 to 1.99, P < 0.0001). Finally, a study investigated the association between intensive care unit (ICU) length of stay and AG in patients with HF which showed no significant association.
This study found that higher AG levels are associated with higher mortality in patients with HF which could be used in clinical settings and for patient management due to its ease of measurement and calculation. If confirmed in future studies, using this easy-to-measure index in clinical settings could provide useful information for clinicians in determining the risk of HF patients.
Not applicable.
心力衰竭（HF）是全球发病率和死亡率较高的心血管疾病之一。由于HF负担沉重，寻找易于使用的预后因素变得至关重要。已有研究探讨了阴离子间隙（AG）与HF预后之间的相关性。在本系统评价和荟萃分析中，我们旨在评估AG与HF预后之间的关联。
系统检索了PubMed、Embase、Scopus和Web of Science数据库中评估AG在HF预后中的研究。采用随机效应荟萃分析计算标准化均数差（SMD）和合并风险比（HR）以及95%置信区间（CI），以比较幸存者与非幸存者。
本系统评价纳入了9项研究。在一项比较死亡者和幸存者AG水平的随机效应荟萃分析中，非幸存者的AG水平显著更高（SMD 0.57，95%CI 0.42至0.71，P＜0.0001，I² = 46.4%）。评估死亡率的HR荟萃分析显示，与低AG组相比，高AG水平的死亡风险显著更高（HR 1.64，95%CI 1.35至1.99，P＜0.0001）。最后，一项研究调查了HF患者重症监护病房（ICU）住院时间与AG之间的关联，结果显示无显著关联。
本研究发现，较高的AG水平与HF患者较高的死亡率相关，由于其易于测量和计算，可用于临床环境和患者管理。如果在未来研究中得到证实，在临床环境中使用这一易于测量的指标可为临床医生确定HF患者的风险提供有用信息。
不适用。
