Bariod Léa, Fuentes Elva, Millet Maurice, Jacquiod Samuel, White Joël, Moreau Jérôme, Monceau Karine
UMR 7372, Centre d'Études Biologiques de Chizé, La Rochelle Université & CNRS, Villiers en Bois 79360, France.
Université de Strasbourg, CNRS-UMR 7515, ICPEES, 67087 Strasbourg cedex 2, France.
J Hazard Mater. 2025 Mar 5;485:136857. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.136857. Epub 2024 Dec 11.
Recent studies in humans have shown that certain pesticides could affect the composition and functions of the gut microbiota, an essential modulator of vertebrate physiology, leading to potential dysbiosis. However, this relationship remains largely unknown in wild birds despite the implications of pesticides in the current decline of farmland species. The present study sought to fill this gap by providing data on the association between pesticide concentrations in blood and gut microbiota characteristics in relation to individual traits in a farmland raptor, the Montagu's harrier (Circus pygargus). Results showed that females with higher body condition and higher pesticide load exhibited greater gut bacterial richness and diversity, while the relationship was opposite in males with higher body condition. In terms of taxonomic composition, Proteobacteria emerged as the dominant phylum across all nestlings. Differences in the abundance of specific phyla and genera were observed according to pesticide load, with higher levels of Bacteroidota and Leifsonia, but lower levels of Bulkholderia, in nestlings with higher pesticide concentrations in their blood. This study highlights differences in microbiota and contamination by several pesticides according to the phenotypic characteristics of a wild raptor, and shows that farmland birds can represent relevant biosentinels for assessing the health/proper functioning of ecosystems (One Health approach).
最近的人体研究表明，某些农药可能会影响肠道微生物群的组成和功能，而肠道微生物群是脊椎动物生理的重要调节因子，可能导致潜在的生态失调。然而，尽管农药对当前农田物种数量下降有影响，但在野生鸟类中，这种关系在很大程度上仍不清楚。本研究旨在通过提供关于农田猛禽蒙塔古鹰（Circus pygargus）血液中农药浓度与肠道微生物群特征之间的关联数据来填补这一空白，该关联与个体特征有关。结果表明，身体状况较好且农药负荷较高的雌性个体表现出更高的肠道细菌丰富度和多样性，而身体状况较好的雄性个体则相反。在分类组成方面，变形菌门是所有雏鸟中的优势菌门。根据农药负荷观察到特定菌门和属的丰度存在差异，血液中农药浓度较高的雏鸟中拟杆菌门和利夫索尼菌属的水平较高，但伯克霍尔德菌属的水平较低。本研究强调了根据野生猛禽的表型特征，微生物群和几种农药污染存在差异，并表明农田鸟类可以作为评估生态系统健康/正常功能的相关生物指示物种（一体化健康方法）。
