Area of Toxicology, Department of Health Sciences, University of Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, 30100 Murcia, Spain; Section of Ecology, Department of Biology, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland.
Section of Ecology, Department of Biology, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland; Metapopulation Research Centre, Department of Biosciences, University of Helsinki, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland; Natural Research Ltd, Hill of Brathens, Glassel, Banchory AB31 4BY, United Kingdom.
Sci Total Environ. 2018 May 15;624:1287-1297. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.12.210. Epub 2017 Dec 27.
Organochlorine compounds (OC) are of interest in current biomonitoring studies because of their well-known persistence, accumulation capacity and the adverse effects they caused in the past. P,p'-DDE has been shown to cause severe reproductive failures and population declines in birds of prey. However, there are knowledge gaps regarding OC exposure for some species (e.g. harriers), the historical record and the broader picture. The main goal was to evaluate exposure to p,p'-DDE and PCBs in two raptor species: Montagu's and pallid harriers (Circus pygargus and Circus macrourus), and to investigate if birds from different breeding areas and wintering grounds differ in pollutant levels. For this purpose, we collected blood of adult and nestling Montagu's and pallid harriers breeding in the natural steppes of Kazakhstan, and adult and nestling Montagu's harriers breeding in agricultural and natural habitats of Spain, in 2007-2008. We determined the blood concentrations of p,p'-DDE and PCBs. Adult harriers generally showed higher concentrations of p,p'-DDE and PCBs than nestlings, probably because they had more time for a progressive accumulation of these compounds due to a higher intake than excretion rate. The p,p'-DDE concentrations in adults were equivalent in all the studied areas. The ratio p,p'-DDE/PCB 153 was higher in adults than in nestlings, suggesting that a portion of the p,p'-DDE in adult harriers may have come from p,p'-DDT applied in the past in the wintering areas. Overall, the concentrations of p,p'-DDE and ∑PCBs reported were generally low and below any demonstrated threshold of harm.
有机氯化合物 (OC) 在当前的生物监测研究中受到关注，因为它们具有众所周知的持久性、积累能力以及过去造成的不利影响。已证明 p,p'-DDE 会导致猛禽中的严重繁殖失败和种群减少。然而，对于某些物种（如鹞）、历史记录和更广泛的情况，OC 暴露的知识仍然存在差距。主要目标是评估两种猛禽物种（Montagu 的 harrier 和 pallid harrier）中 p,p'-DDE 和 PCB 的暴露情况，并研究来自不同繁殖区和越冬地的鸟类在污染物水平上是否存在差异。为此，我们于 2007-2008 年，在哈萨克斯坦自然草原收集了繁殖的成年和雏鸟 Montagu 的 harrier 和 pallid harrier 的血液，以及在西班牙农业和自然栖息地繁殖的成年 Montagu 的 harrier 的血液。我们测定了血液中的 p,p'-DDE 和 PCB 浓度。成年猛禽的 p,p'-DDE 和 PCB 浓度通常高于雏鸟，这可能是因为它们由于摄入高于排泄率，因此有更多的时间来逐步积累这些化合物。在所有研究区域中，成年 harrier 的 p,p'-DDE 浓度均相当。成年 harrier 的 p,p'-DDE/PCB 153 比值高于雏鸟，这表明成年 harrier 中的一部分 p,p'-DDE 可能来自过去在越冬区施用的 p,p'-DDT。总体而言，报告的 p,p'-DDE 和∑PCBs 浓度通常较低，低于任何已证明的危害阈值。
