Luo Zhanbin, Pan Xuyue, Xia Yi, Duan Xueying, Ma Jing, Chen Fu
School of Public Administration, Hohai University, Nanjing, 211000, China.
School of Public Administration, Hohai University, Nanjing, 211000, China; Observation Research Station of Land Ecology and Land Use in the Yangtze River Delta, Ministry of Natural Resources, Nanjing, 210009, China.
Environ Pollut. 2025 Feb 15;367:125562. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.125562. Epub 2024 Dec 19.
Due to the rapid increase in industrial and urban areas, environmental pollution is increasing worldwide, which is causing unwanted changes in air, water, and soil at biological, physical, as well as chemical levels that ultimately causing the negative effects in living things because of toxic level of chromium (Cr). However, nanotechnology is capturing great interest worldwide due to their stirring applications in various fields. For this purpose, a pot experiment was conducted to examine plant growth and exo-physiology in rice (Oryza sativa L.) under the different levels of wastewater 50% and 100% concentrations which were also primed with three nanoparticles (NPs)-copper oxide (nCuO), silicon (nSi), and zinc oxide (nZnO). The research outcomes indicated that elevated levels of wastewater in the soil (100%) notably reduced plant growth and biomass, photosynthetic pigments, and gas exchange attributes. However, increasing levels of Cr stress also induced oxidative stress in the plants by increasing malondialdehyde (MDA), hydrogen peroxide (HO), which also induced increased compounds of various enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants and also the gene expression and sugar content. Furthermore, a significant increase in proline metabolism, the AsA-GSH cycle, and the pigmentation of cellular components was observed. Although, the application of nCuO, nSi, nZnO-NPs showed a significant increase in plant growth and biomass, gas exchange characteristics, enzymatic and non-enzymatic compounds, and their gene expression and also decreased oxidative stress. In addition, the application of nCuO, nSi, nZnO-NPs enhanced cellular fractionation and decreased the proline metabolism and AsA-GSH cycle in O. sativa plants. These results open new insights for sustainable agriculture practices and hold immense promise in addressing the pressing challenges of heavy metal contamination in agricultural soils.
由于工业和城市区域的迅速扩张，全球范围内的环境污染正在加剧，这正在导致空气、水和土壤在生物、物理以及化学层面发生不良变化，最终因铬（Cr）的毒性水平而对生物产生负面影响。然而，纳米技术因其在各个领域的激动人心的应用而在全球引起了极大的关注。为此，进行了一项盆栽试验，以研究在50%和100%不同浓度的废水水平下，水稻（Oryza sativa L.）的植物生长和外部生理学情况，这些废水还用三种纳米颗粒（NPs）——氧化铜（nCuO）、硅（nSi）和氧化锌（nZnO）进行了预处理。研究结果表明，土壤中较高水平的废水（100%）显著降低了植物生长和生物量、光合色素以及气体交换特性。然而，铬胁迫水平的增加也通过增加丙二醛（MDA）、过氧化氢（HO）在植物中诱导了氧化应激，这也导致各种酶促和非酶促抗氧化剂的化合物增加，以及基因表达和糖分含量增加。此外，观察到脯氨酸代谢、抗坏血酸-谷胱甘肽循环以及细胞成分色素沉着显著增加。尽管如此，nCuO、nSi、nZnO-NPs的应用显示植物生长和生物量、气体交换特征、酶促和非酶促化合物及其基因表达显著增加，并且氧化应激降低。此外，nCuO、nSi、nZnO-NPs的应用增强了细胞分级分离，并降低了水稻植株中的脯氨酸代谢和抗坏血酸-谷胱甘肽循环。这些结果为可持续农业实践开辟了新的见解，并在应对农业土壤重金属污染的紧迫挑战方面具有巨大潜力。
