He Baoting, Xu Sheng, Schooling C Mary, Leung Gabriel M, Ho Joshua W K, Au Yeung Shiu Lun
School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; Laboratory of Data Discovery for Health Limited (D(2)4H), Hong Kong Science Park, Hong Kong.
Ann Epidemiol. 2025 Jan;101:58-66. doi: 10.1016/j.annepidem.2024.12.009. Epub 2024 Dec 20.
Although the gut microbiome is important in human health, its relation to adolescent obesity remains unclear. Here we assessed the associations of the gut microbiome with adolescent obesity in a case-control study.
In the "Children of 1997" birth cohort, participants with and without obesity at ∼17.4 years were 1:1 matched on sex, physical activity, parental education and occupation (n = 312). Fecal gut microbiome composition and pathways were assessed via shotgun metagenomic sequencing. The association of microbiota species with obesity was evaluated using conditional logistic regression. We explored the association of the obesity-relevant species with adolescent metabolomics using multivariable linear regression, and causal relationships with type 2 diabetes using Mendelian randomization analysis.
Gut microbiota in the adolescents with obesity exhibited lower richness (p = 0.031) and evenness (p = 0.014) compared to controls. Beta diversity revealed differences in the microbiome composition in two groups (p = 0.034). Lower relative abundance of Clostridium spiroforme, Clostridium phoceensis and Bacteroides uniformis were associated with higher obesity risk (q<0.15). Lower Bacteroides uniformis was associated with higher branched-chain amino acid, potentially contributing to higher type 2 diabetes risk.
Adolescents with obesity had a distinct gut microbiota profile compared to the controls, possibly linked to metabolic pertubation and related diseases.
尽管肠道微生物群对人类健康很重要，但其与青少年肥胖的关系仍不明确。在此，我们在一项病例对照研究中评估了肠道微生物群与青少年肥胖的关联。
在“1997年出生儿童”队列研究中，对约17.4岁时患有和未患有肥胖症的参与者按性别、身体活动、父母教育程度和职业进行1:1匹配（n = 312）。通过鸟枪法宏基因组测序评估粪便肠道微生物群的组成和代谢途径。使用条件逻辑回归评估微生物种类与肥胖的关联。我们使用多变量线性回归探索与肥胖相关的物种与青少年代谢组学的关联，并使用孟德尔随机化分析研究与2型糖尿病的因果关系。
与对照组相比，肥胖青少年的肠道微生物群丰富度较低（p = 0.031），均匀度较低（p = 0.014）。β多样性显示两组微生物群组成存在差异（p = 0.034）。螺旋形梭菌、福氏梭菌和均匀拟杆菌的相对丰度较低与较高的肥胖风险相关（q<0.15）。均匀拟杆菌数量较少与较高的支链氨基酸水平相关，这可能导致2型糖尿病风险增加。
与对照组相比，肥胖青少年具有独特的肠道微生物群特征，这可能与代谢紊乱及相关疾病有关。
