Owen Katherine B, Corbett Lucy, Ding Ding, Eime Rochelle, Bauman Adrian
Prevention Research Collaboration, Sydney School of Public Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.; Institute of Health and Wellbeing, Federation University, Australia.
Prevention Research Collaboration, Sydney School of Public Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Ann Epidemiol. 2025 Jan;101:52-57. doi: 10.1016/j.annepidem.2024.12.011. Epub 2024 Dec 20.
There is a lack of understanding of the specific types and intensities of physical activity driving the gender gap in overall levels of physical activity, and how these activities are changing over time. We examined the gender gap in specific types and intensities of physical activities in European adults from 2005 to 2022.
This repeated cross-sectional study included data from adults from the Eurobarometer (2005-2022) from 28 European countries. Gender differences in meeting physical activity guidelines, sport, walking, moderate, and vigorous activity were examined using prevalence ratios (PR, relative inequalities) and mean differences (MD, absolute differences).
Among 123,809 participants, there was no change in the gender gap in meeting physical activity guidelines from 2005 to 2022 (PR = 1.10; 95 % CIs 1.07, 1.14, PR = 1.04; 95 % CIs 1.01, 1.08, respectively). The gender gap in vigorous intensity activity decreased from 2005 to 2022 (MD = 589; 95 % CIs 545.7, 631.5, MD = 399; 95 % CIs 354.5, 444.3, respectively). The gender gap in moderate activity increased from 2005 to 2022 (MD = 10.9; 95 % CIs - 14.2, 35.9, MD = 104; 95 % CIs 77.8, 130.1, respectively). The gender gap in sport and exercise increased from 2009 to 2022 (PR = 1.14; 95 % CIs 1.10, 1.19; PR = 1.22; 95 % CIs 1.17, 1.27, respectively). There was no gender gap in walking between 2005 and 2022 (MD = -1.4; 95 % CIs - 21.2, 18.4, MD = 12.5; 95 % CIs - 4.9, 29.9, respectively).
Sport remains an underutilized contributor to overall physical activity levels and could be promoted among women to reduce the overall gender gap in physical activity.
人们对导致体力活动总体水平性别差异的具体体力活动类型和强度，以及这些活动如何随时间变化缺乏了解。我们研究了2005年至2022年欧洲成年人在特定类型和强度体力活动方面的性别差异。
这项重复横断面研究纳入了来自28个欧洲国家的欧洲晴雨表（2005 - 2022年）中成年人的数据。使用患病率比（PR，相对不平等）和均值差异（MD，绝对差异）来检验在达到体力活动指南、运动、步行、中等强度和剧烈强度活动方面的性别差异。
在123,809名参与者中，2005年至2022年在达到体力活动指南方面的性别差异没有变化（PR = 1.10；95%置信区间1.07, 1.14；PR = 1.04；95%置信区间1.01, 1.08）。从2005年到2022年，剧烈强度活动的性别差异有所下降（MD = 589；95%置信区间545.7, 631.5；MD = 399；95%置信区间354.5, 444.3）。中等强度活动的性别差异从2005年到2022年有所增加（MD = 10.9；95%置信区间 - 14.2, 35.9；MD = 104；95%置信区间77.8, 130.1）。从2009年到2022年，运动和锻炼的性别差异有所增加（PR = 1.14；95%置信区间1.10, 1.19；PR = 1.22；95%置信区间1.17, 1.27）。2005年至2022年期间步行方面不存在性别差异（MD = -1.4；95%置信区间 - 21.2, 18.4；MD = 12.5；95%置信区间 - 4.9, 29.9）。
运动在总体体力活动水平方面的作用仍未得到充分发挥，可以在女性中推广运动以缩小体力活动方面的总体性别差异。
