Xue Hongkun, Tang Yingqi, Zha Min, Xie Kaifang, Tan Jiaqi
College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hebei University, No. 342 Yuhua East Road, Lianchi District, Baoding 071002, China.
College of Textile and Fashion, Hunan Institute of Engineering, NO. 88 East Fuxing Road, Yuetang District, Xiangtan 411100, China.
Int J Biol Macromol. 2025 Feb;291:139063. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.139063. Epub 2024 Dec 20.
The gut microbiota, as a complex ecosystem, can affect many physiological aspects of the host's diet, disease development, drug metabolism, and immune system regulation. Polysaccharides have various biological activities including antioxidant, anti-tumor, and regulating gut microbiota, etc. Polysaccharides cannot be degraded by human digestive enzymes. However, the interaction between gut microbiota and polysaccharides can lead to the degradation and utilization of polysaccharides. Disordered intestinal flora leads to diseases such as diabetes, hyperlipidemia, tumors, and diarrhea. Notably, polysaccharides can regulate the gut microbiota, promote the proliferation of probiotics and the SCFAs production, and thus improve the related-diseases and maintain body health. The relationship between polysaccharides and gut microbiota is gradually becoming clear. Nevertheless, the structure-function relationships between polysaccharides and gut microbiota still need further exploration. Hence, this paper systematically reviews the structure-function relationships between polysaccharides and gut microbiota from four aspects including molecular weight, glycosidic bonds, monosaccharide composition, and advanced structure. Moreover, this review outlines the effect of polysaccharides on gut microbiota metabolism and improves diseases by regulating gut microbiota. Furthermore, this article introduces the impact of gut microbiota on polysaccharide metabolism. The findings can provide the scientific basis for in-depth research on body health and reasonable diet.
肠道微生物群作为一个复杂的生态系统，会影响宿主饮食、疾病发展、药物代谢和免疫系统调节等许多生理方面。多糖具有多种生物活性，包括抗氧化、抗肿瘤和调节肠道微生物群等。多糖不能被人体消化酶降解。然而，肠道微生物群与多糖之间的相互作用会导致多糖的降解和利用。肠道菌群紊乱会导致糖尿病、高脂血症、肿瘤和腹泻等疾病。值得注意的是，多糖可以调节肠道微生物群，促进益生菌的增殖和短链脂肪酸的产生，从而改善相关疾病并维持身体健康。多糖与肠道微生物群之间的关系正逐渐明晰。然而，多糖与肠道微生物群之间的结构-功能关系仍需进一步探索。因此，本文从分子量、糖苷键、单糖组成和高级结构四个方面系统综述了多糖与肠道微生物群之间的结构-功能关系。此外，本综述概述了多糖对肠道微生物群代谢的影响以及通过调节肠道微生物群改善疾病的情况。此外，本文还介绍了肠道微生物群对多糖代谢的影响。这些研究结果可为深入研究身体健康和合理饮食提供科学依据。
