Li Yang-An, Yao Juan, Li Xuan, Hu Ke-Hui
Department of rehabilitation Medicine, SuiNing Central Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, SuiNing 629000, China.
Experimental Center of Basic Medicine, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China.
Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 2025 Jan 10;136:111226. doi: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2024.111226. Epub 2024 Dec 20.
The parabrachial nucleus (PBN) is responsible for integrating both internal and external sensory information and controlling/regulating a wide range of physiological processes, such as feeding, thermogenesis, nociceptive and pruritic sensations, and respiration. Recently, the PBN has been found to be involved in mediating wakefulness maintenance, sleep-wake transition, exogenous neuromodulation of awakening, and arousal-promoting process triggered by drastic changes in the internal environments, such as hypercapnia, hypoxia, and hypertension. Multiple neural pathways and subpopulations of neurons are responsible for arousal-promoting effects of the PBN. The medial PBN seems to be more important for the maintenance of physiological arousal, while the lateral PBN are more crucial in mediating interoception-driven arousal. Glutamatergic projection from the PBN to the basal forebrain (BF) and GABAergic projection from the BF to the cerebral cortex GABAergic neurons are the most pivotal neural pathways for awareness-promotion. Here, we review the relevant literature in this field in recent years and emphasize the potential prospects of PBN stimulation in translational medicine for the rehabilitation of disorders of consciousness.
臂旁核（PBN）负责整合内部和外部感觉信息，并控制/调节广泛的生理过程，如进食、产热、伤害性和瘙痒性感觉以及呼吸。最近，已发现PBN参与介导觉醒维持、睡眠-觉醒转换、觉醒的外源性神经调节以及由内环境剧烈变化（如高碳酸血症、缺氧和高血压）触发的促觉醒过程。多种神经通路和神经元亚群负责PBN的促觉醒作用。内侧PBN似乎对维持生理觉醒更为重要，而外侧PBN在介导内感受驱动的觉醒中更为关键。从PBN到基底前脑（BF）的谷氨酸能投射以及从BF到大脑皮质GABA能神经元的GABA能投射是促进意识的最关键神经通路。在此，我们综述近年来该领域的相关文献，并强调PBN刺激在转化医学中用于意识障碍康复的潜在前景。
