Mumena Chrispinus Hakimu, Uwamungu Schifra, Kjeller Göran, Hasséus Bengt, Andersson Maria, Giglio Daniel
Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Department of Dental Clinical Sciences, School of Medicine, Copperbelt University, Ndola, Zambia.
BMC Oral Health. 2024 Dec 22;24(1):1540. doi: 10.1186/s12903-024-05312-4.
How common it is with the presence of human papillomavirus (HPV) in the healthy and diseased oral cavity is largely unknown for Africans. In this cross-sectional study we assessed the prevalence of oral HPV and the risk factors associated with HPV contraction including sexual practice in the urban and rural Zambian population.
Urban (N = 188) and rural (N = 211) Zambian adults aged 21 years and older living in Ndola and Mansa, respectively, were interviewed about demographical data, oral and coital sexual history and tobacco and alcohol use. Participants were orally examined and underwent a buccal swab test for 12 high-risk HPVs (HPV16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 39, 45, 51, 52, 56, 58, and 59) and two low-risk HPVs (HPV6 and 11) with real-time PCR.
Alcohol consumption was higher in urban participants than rural participants, i.e., 34.1% and 16.6%, respectively, consumed alcohol once a week or more (p = 0.001). Ever-smokers constituted 38.8% of urban and 32.2% of rural participants (p = 0.363). Engaging in orogenital sex was uncommon, however, more common in urban than rural participants (13.3% and 4.3%, respectively, p = 0.003). Only three participants were positive for HPV (HPV16, 35, and 45, respectively).
Urban participants displayed higher sexual risk behaviour than rural participants. However, the prevalence of oral HPV infection in Zambia was low, which contrasts to the high incidence of cervical cancer reported for the country.
对于非洲人来说，健康和患病口腔中人类乳头瘤病毒（HPV）的存在有多普遍在很大程度上尚不清楚。在这项横断面研究中，我们评估了赞比亚城乡人口中口腔HPV的患病率以及与HPV感染相关的风险因素，包括性行为。
分别居住在恩多拉和曼萨的21岁及以上的赞比亚城市（N = 188）和农村（N = 211）成年人接受了关于人口统计学数据、口腔和性交史以及烟草和酒精使用情况的访谈。对参与者进行口腔检查，并通过实时聚合酶链反应对12种高危HPV（HPV16、18、31、33、35、39、45、51、52、56、58和59）和两种低危HPV（HPV6和11）进行颊拭子检测。
城市参与者的酒精消费量高于农村参与者，即分别有34.1%和16.6%的人每周饮酒一次或更多（p = 0.001）。曾经吸烟者在城市参与者中占38.8%，在农村参与者中占32.2%（p = 0.363）。进行口交性行为并不常见，但在城市参与者中比农村参与者更常见（分别为13.3%和4.3%，p = 0.003）。只有三名参与者的HPV呈阳性（分别为HPV16、35和45）。
城市参与者比农村参与者表现出更高的性风险行为。然而，赞比亚口腔HPV感染的患病率较低，这与该国报告的宫颈癌高发病率形成对比。
