Alladin Sameer N B, Judson Ruth, Whittaker Poppy, Attwood Angela S, Dalmaijer Edwin S
School of Psychological Science, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
Brain Neurosci Adv. 2024 Dec 20;8:23982128241305890. doi: 10.1177/23982128241305890. eCollection 2024 Jan-Dec.
Humans feel visceral disgust when faced with potential contaminants like bodily effluvia. The emotion serves to reject potentially contaminated food and is paired with proto-nausea: alterations in gastric rhythm in response to disgust. Here, we offer a narrative synthesis of the existing literature on the effects of disgust on the stomach as measured through electrogastrography, a non-invasive technique that measures stomach activity with electrodes placed on the abdominal skin surface. After identifying and assessing 368 studies for eligibility and inclusion based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses process, we reviewed a final sample of only 10 articles that employed electrogastrography to assess gastric responses to unpleasant stimuli, including disgust elicitors. Reviewed findings illustrate that changes in gastric rhythm are associated with negatively valenced emotions, and most reliably with visceral disgust elicitors. This rhymes with recent evidence for a causal role of gastric state in reductions in visceral disgust avoidance. Because limitations in the reviewed body of work come from the low number of studies and relatively small sample sizes, we strongly encourage studies of proto-nausea in designs with higher statistical power, ideally paired with experimental manipulations of gastric state.
当人类面对诸如身体排泄物等潜在污染物时，会产生内脏厌恶感。这种情绪有助于拒绝可能被污染的食物，并与原始恶心感相伴：即因厌恶而导致的胃节律改变。在此，我们对现有文献进行了叙述性综述，这些文献通过胃电图来衡量厌恶对胃部的影响，胃电图是一种非侵入性技术，通过将电极置于腹部皮肤表面来测量胃部活动。在根据系统评价和荟萃分析的首选报告项目流程确定并评估了368项研究的合格性和纳入情况后，我们最终仅审查了10篇文章，这些文章采用胃电图来评估胃部对不愉快刺激（包括厌恶诱发因素）的反应。审查结果表明，胃节律的变化与负性情绪相关，最可靠的是与内脏厌恶诱发因素相关。这与最近关于胃部状态在减少内脏厌恶回避方面起因果作用的证据相吻合。由于所审查的工作存在研究数量少和样本量相对较小的局限性，我们强烈鼓励在具有更高统计效力的设计中研究原始恶心感，理想情况下与胃部状态的实验性操作相结合。
