Wang Chun-Rui, Cai Dong, He Kun, Hu Jie-Jun, Dai Xin, Zhu Qian, Zhong Guo-Chao
Department of Infectious Diseases, Institute for Viral Hepatitis, the Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases, Chinese Ministry of Education, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2025 Mar 3;34(3):412-419. doi: 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-24-1158.
Epidemiological evidence on meat consumption and liver cancer risk is limited and inconclusive; moreover, no prospective study has been conducted to investigate this association in China. Hence, we performed this study to examine the association of red meat, poultry, and fish consumption with the risk of liver cancer in a Chinese population.
A total of 510,048 Chinese adults of ages 30 to 79 years were included and were followed up through December 31, 2016. Red meat, poultry, and fish consumption was evaluated using an interviewer-administered laptop-based questionnaire. HRs and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for liver cancer incidence were calculated using Cox regression.
Over a mean follow-up of 9.94 years, 1,906 liver cancer cases were observed. Each 50 g/day increase in red meat (HR 0.72; 95% CI, 0.49-1.05), poultry (HR 0.93; 95% CI, 0.83-1.03), and fish (HR 0.95; 95% CI, 0.85-1.05) consumption was not associated with the risk of liver cancer in the whole study population; however, subgroup analysis revealed an inverse association with poultry consumption in rural residents but not in urban residents (Pinteraction = 0.046). The initial associations did not change materially in a series of sensitivity analyses.
Red meat and fish consumption is not associated with the risk of liver cancer in this Chinese population. The inverse association with poultry consumption in Chinese rural residents should be interpreted with caution.
This is the first prospective study examining the association between meat consumption and the risk of liver cancer in the Chinese population.
关于肉类消费与肝癌风险的流行病学证据有限且尚无定论；此外，中国尚未开展前瞻性研究来调查这种关联。因此，我们开展了本研究，以检验红肉、禽肉和鱼肉消费与中国人群肝癌风险之间的关联。
共纳入510,048名年龄在30至79岁之间的中国成年人，并随访至2016年12月31日。使用基于笔记本电脑的访员管理问卷评估红肉、禽肉和鱼肉的消费量。采用Cox回归计算肝癌发病率的风险比（HR）和95%置信区间（CI）。
在平均9.94年的随访期内，观察到1906例肝癌病例。在整个研究人群中，红肉（HR 0.72；95% CI，0.49 - 1.05）、禽肉（HR 0.93；95% CI，0.83 - 1.03）和鱼肉（HR 0.95；95% CI，0.85 - 1.05）的消费量每增加50克/天，均与肝癌风险无关；然而，亚组分析显示，农村居民中禽肉消费与肝癌风险呈负相关，而城市居民中则无此关联（P交互作用 = 0.046）。在一系列敏感性分析中，初始关联未发生实质性变化。
在中国人群中，红肉和鱼肉消费与肝癌风险无关。中国农村居民中禽肉消费与肝癌风险的负相关关系应谨慎解读。
这是第一项在中国人群中检验肉类消费与肝癌风险之间关联的前瞻性研究。
