Ibrahim Mustafa M, Mahmoud Mahmoud A
Animal Health Research Institute, Dokki, Giza, 12618, Egypt.
Ministry of Environment, Water and Agriculture., Fish Welfare Branch, El-Jubail Province, El-Jubail , Saudi Arabia.
Sci Rep. 2024 Dec 23;14(1):30594. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-76880-2.
In this study, 10 fish species, Jayan flounder (Pseudorhombus javanicus); Oriental sole (Eurgglossa arientalis); Oange-spotted grouper (Epinephelus coioides); Blacktip trevally (Caranx heberi); Towbar seabream (Acanthopagrus bifascia); Smalltooth emperor (Lethrinus microdon); Spangled emperio (Lethrinus nebulous); Sharptooth hammer croaker (Johnius vogleri); Bigeye croaker (Pennahia anea) and Redspine thread bream (Nemipterus nemurus), were examined in El-Jubail province, Saudi Arabia, Arabian Gulf region over three years from 2017 to 2020. The examined fish species showed muscular atrophy in a total percent of 1.1%, but with variable percentages of affections in each species. The highest incidence (2.06%) was oberved in Spangled emperior (Lethrinus nebulous) while the lowest incidence (0.40%) was in Orange spotted grouper (Epinephelus coioides) and Smalltooth emperor (Lethrinus microdon). The affected fishes appeared with sunken eyes, severe emaciation, and prominent loss of skeletal muscle mass. During dissection, the muscular tissue in some examined species was rough while in others, it was edematous and gelatinous, and the internal organs of all fishes were atrophied. For routine histopathological examination, the tissue samples were fixed in 10% buffered neutral formalin. The examined tissue sections of the affected muscles showed variable degrees of histopathological changes depending on the species. Vacuolation of muscle fibers, Zenker's necrosis and myophagia were common in some species, while melanophores aggregation, edema, and hemorrhages were the most commonly observed changes in others. This study focused on the impact of this myodegenerative disease on the marketability of these edible fish species. Further investigation is needed to understand the impact of genetic predisposition, environmental pollution and other etiological agents on the occurrence of this phenomenon in this location.
在本研究中，2017年至2020年的三年间，对沙特阿拉伯朱拜勒省、阿拉伯湾地区的10种鱼类进行了检查，包括爪哇拟菱鲆（Pseudorhombus javanicus）；东方舌鳎（Eurgglossa arientalis）；点带石斑鱼（Epinephelus coioides）；黑鳍鲹（Caranx heberi）；双带棘鲷（Acanthopagrus bifascia）；细齿裸颊鲷（Lethrinus microdon）；星点裸颊鲷（Lethrinus nebulous）；沃氏叫姑鱼（Johnius vogleri）；大眼叫姑鱼（Pennahia anea）和红棘金线鱼（Nemipterus nemurus）。检查的鱼类中肌肉萎缩的总比例为1.1%，但每种鱼类的患病比例各不相同。星点裸颊鲷（Lethrinus nebulous）的发病率最高（2.06%），而点带石斑鱼（Epinephelus coioides）和细齿裸颊鲷（Lethrinus microdon）的发病率最低（0.40%）。患病鱼类表现出眼睛凹陷、严重消瘦以及骨骼肌质量明显丧失。解剖过程中，一些检查物种的肌肉组织粗糙，而另一些则水肿呈胶状，所有鱼类的内脏均萎缩。为进行常规组织病理学检查，组织样本用10%缓冲中性福尔马林固定。受影响肌肉的检查组织切片显示出不同程度的组织病理学变化，具体取决于物种。肌肉纤维空泡化、泽克尔氏坏死和肌噬现象在某些物种中常见，而黑素细胞聚集、水肿和出血则是其他物种中最常观察到的变化。本研究重点关注这种肌肉退行性疾病对这些食用鱼类市场适销性的影响。需要进一步调查以了解遗传易感性、环境污染和其他致病因素对该地区这一现象发生的影响。
