太极拳对轻度至中度认知障碍老年人身体机能、睡眠及生活质量的影响。
Effects of Tai Chi on physical performance, sleep, and quality of life in older adults with mild to moderate cognitive impairment.
作者信息
Gao Ran, Greiner Chieko, Ryuno Hirochika, Zhang Xuanrong
机构信息
Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe University, Kobe, Hyogo Prefecture, Japan.
School of International Nursing, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan Province, China.
出版信息
BMC Complement Med Ther. 2024 Dec 23;24(1):423. doi: 10.1186/s12906-024-04705-w.
BACKGROUND
Exercise is a promising nonpharmacological intervention to delay the progression of cognitive impairment and improve physical function and sleep quality in patients, but the evidence remains inconclusive.
AIMS
To compare the therapeutic efficacy of an exercise intervention on physical performance, sleep efficiency, and quality of life in older adults with cognitive impairment.
DESIGN
A three-arm randomized controlled trial.
METHODS
This study recruited 81 older adults with mild to moderate cognitive impairment at a nursing home from December 2020 to July 2021. Participants were screened and randomized into three groups: a tai chi intervention group (n = 27), a conventional exercise intervention group (n = 27), and a waitlist control group with no intervention (n = 27). The intervention groups underwent 12 weeks of exercise intervention. Participants were assessed at weeks 0, 6, and 12. The primary outcome was the Short Physical Performance Battery score, and the secondary outcomes were sleep efficiency and quality of life. Statistical analysis was conducted with generalized estimating equations (GEEs).
RESULTS
The mean age of the participants was 81.0 ± 7.4 years. The GEE analysis revealed that the Short Physical Performance Battery score, sleep efficiency, and quality of life were significantly higher in both intervention groups than in the control group at week 12, and physical performance improved significantly more in the tai chi group than in the conventional exercise group.
CONCLUSIONS
Both exercise interventions improved physical performance, sleep efficiency, and quality of life in older adults with mild to moderate cognitive impairment. According to our results, tai chi may be a more effective therapeutic approach for cognitive impairment than conventional exercise.
TRIAL REGISTRATION
University Hospital Medical Information Network number UMIN000042051. Registered 01/12/2020.
背景
运动是一种有前景的非药物干预措施，可延缓认知障碍的进展，并改善患者的身体功能和睡眠质量，但证据仍不确凿。
目的
比较运动干预对认知障碍老年人身体机能、睡眠效率和生活质量的治疗效果。
设计
一项三臂随机对照试验。
方法
本研究于2020年12月至2021年7月在一家养老院招募了81名轻度至中度认知障碍的老年人。参与者经过筛选后被随机分为三组：太极拳干预组（n = 27）、传统运动干预组（n = 27）和无干预的等待名单对照组（n = 27）。干预组进行为期12周的运动干预。在第0、6和12周对参与者进行评估。主要结局是简短身体机能测试电池评分，次要结局是睡眠效率和生活质量。采用广义估计方程（GEEs）进行统计分析。
结果
参与者的平均年龄为81.0 ± 7.4岁。GEE分析显示，在第12周时，两个干预组的简短身体机能测试电池评分、睡眠效率和生活质量均显著高于对照组，且太极拳组的身体机能改善明显优于传统运动组。
结论
两种运动干预均改善了轻度至中度认知障碍老年人的身体机能、睡眠效率和生活质量。根据我们的结果，太极拳可能是一种比传统运动更有效的认知障碍治疗方法。
试验注册
大学医院医学信息网络编号UMIN000042051。2020年12月1日注册。
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