基于全国队列研究的空气污染暴露与社交活动对中国中老年成年人认知功能的交互作用
Interaction effects of exposure to air pollution and social activities on cognitive function in middle-aged and older Chinese adults based on a nationwide cohort study.
作者信息
Yuan Shijia, Zhao Yang, Gao Wenhui, Zhao Surong, Liu Ronghang, Ahmad Bilal, Li Hongyu, Shi Yukun, Wang Luyang, Han Chunlei
机构信息
School of Public Health, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, Shandong, China.
School of Health Management, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, Shandong, China.
出版信息
BMC Public Health. 2024 Dec 23;24(1):3564. doi: 10.1186/s12889-024-21107-2.
BACKGROUND
Although there have been many studies on the relationship between ambient air pollution and cognitive functioning in developed countries, there are no studies focusing on the interaction between ambient air pollution and social activities. This study aims to examine interactive effects of ambient air pollution and social activities on cognitive function in Chinese middle-aged and older.
METHODS
This study used nationally representative longitudinal survey data of China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) 2013, 2015 and 2018. The study explored the additive interaction effects of air pollutants and social activities on cognitive function in middle-aged and older adults by constructing mixed linear regression analyses containing interaction terms, as well as constructing additive interaction analyses with dummy variables containing four unordered categories that were partitioned according to median. In addition, the study further explored the interaction between air pollution and different types of social activities through an interaction term between air pollution and different types of social activities.
RESULTS
In the model fully adjusted for covariates such as age, sex, region, we found significant coefficients on the interaction term between PM, O and social activities on cognitive function (PM, β = -0.018, 95%CI: -0.029, -0.006; O, β = 0.017, 95%CI: 0.007, 0.027). In the interaction analysis by constructing dummy variables, we found a significant antagonistic effect between PM and social activities (SI = 0.730, 95%CI: 0.674, 0.785), a possible antagonistic effect between NO and social activities (SI = 0.697, 95%CI: 0.648, 0.747), and a possible synergistic effect between O and social activities (SI = 1.769, 95%CI: 0.648, 0.747). In addition, the study found significant interactions between simple interaction, leisure and recreational, and intellectual participation social activities and air pollution.
CONCLUSION
Our study demonstrated an antagonistic effect of PM and social activities on cognitive function in middle-aged and older Chinese adults.
背景
尽管在发达国家已有许多关于环境空气污染与认知功能之间关系的研究，但尚无聚焦于环境空气污染与社会活动之间相互作用的研究。本研究旨在探讨环境空气污染与社会活动对中国中老年人认知功能的交互作用。
方法
本研究使用了中国健康与养老追踪调查（CHARLS）2013年、2015年和2018年具有全国代表性的纵向调查数据。该研究通过构建包含交互项的混合线性回归分析，以及构建按中位数划分的包含四个无序类别的虚拟变量的相加交互分析，来探究空气污染物与社会活动对中老年人认知功能的相加交互作用。此外，该研究通过空气污染与不同类型社会活动之间的交互项，进一步探究空气污染与不同类型社会活动之间的相互作用。
结果
在对年龄、性别、地区等协变量进行完全调整的模型中，我们发现细颗粒物（PM）、臭氧（O）与社会活动之间关于认知功能的交互项系数显著（PM，β = -0.018，95%置信区间：-0.029，-0.006；O，β = 0.017，95%置信区间：0.007，0.027）。在通过构建虚拟变量进行的交互分析中，我们发现PM与社会活动之间存在显著的拮抗效应（协同指数 = 0.730，95%置信区间：0.674，0.785），一氧化氮（NO）与社会活动之间可能存在拮抗效应（协同指数 = 0.697，95%置信区间：0.648，0.747），O与社会活动之间可能存在协同效应（协同指数 = 1.769，95%置信区间：0.648，0.747）。此外，该研究发现简单互动、休闲娱乐以及智力参与社会活动与空气污染之间存在显著的相互作用。
结论
我们的研究表明，PM与社会活动对中国中老年成年人的认知功能具有拮抗作用。
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