Diagnosis of Neurological Involvement Caused by : A Case Report and Review of the Literature.

PURPOSE

This study investigated the clinical relevance, pathogenic mechanisms, and neurological involvement of subspecies () and subspecies (), with a focus on a severe case of meningitis complicated by septic shock.

PATIENTS AND METHODS

A systematic review of 19 cases of neurological infections caused by ( or ) from 1971 to 2023 was conducted, supplemented by a detailed case report. Data on patient demographics, predisposing factors, clinical manifestations, diagnostic procedures, treatment, and outcomes were analyzed.

RESULTS

The reviewed cases involved 12 patients with and seven with . The median age was 53 years, and most patients had underlying conditions such as diabetes, malignancy, or cardiovascular disease. Neurological manifestations were common, with meningitis being diagnosed in 17 patients. Despite prompt antibiotic therapy, six patients (32%) died, highlighting the severe nature of these infections.

CONCLUSION

can cause severe neurological infections, particularly in immunocompromised patients. Early recognition and aggressive treatment are essential to improving outcomes. Advanced molecular diagnostic techniques, such as next-generation sequencing (NGS), are crucial in identifying and managing these infections.