Baati Houda, Siala Mariem, Benali Souad, Azri Chafai, Dunlap Christopher, Martínez-Espinosa Rosa María, Trigui Mohamed
Research Laboratory of Environmental Sciences and Sustainable Development, LR18ES32, University of Sfax, Tunisia.
United States Department of Agriculture, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, Crop Bioprotection Research Unit, 1815 North University St, Peoria, IL, 61604, USA.
Heliyon. 2024 Nov 30;10(23):e40822. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e40822. eCollection 2024 Dec 15.
The annotated and predicted genomes of five archaeal strains (AS1, AS2, AS8, AS11 and AS19), isolated from Sfax solar saltern sediments (Tunisia) and affiliated with , were performed by RAST webserver (Rapid Annotation using Subsystem Technology) and NCBI prokaryotic genome annotation pipeline (PGAP). The results showed the ability of strains to use a reduced semi-phosphorylative Entner-Doudoroff pathway for glucose degradation and an Embden-Meyerhof one for gluconeogenesis. They could use glucose, fructose, glycerol, and acetate as sole source of carbon and energy. ATP synthase, various cytochromes and aerobic respiration proteins were encoded. All strains showed fermentation capability through the arginine deiminase pathway and facultative anaerobic respiration using electron acceptors (Dimethyl sulfoxide and trimethylamine N-oxide). Several biosynthesis pathways for many amino acids were identified. Comparative and pangenome analyses between the strains and the well-studied halophilic archaea NRC-1 highlighted a notable dissimilarity. Besides, the strains shared a core genome of 1973 genes and an accessory genome of 767 genes. 129, 94, 67, 15 and 29 unique genes were detected in the AS1, AS2, AS8, AS11 and AS19 genomes, respectively. Most of these unique genes code for hypothetical proteins. The strains displayed plant-growth promoting characteristics under heavy metal stress (Ammonium assimilation, phosphate solubilization, chemotaxis, cell motility and production of indole acetic acid, siderophore and phenazine). Therefore, they could be used as a biofertilizer to promote plant growth. The genomes encoded numerous biotechnologically relevant genes responsible for vitamin biosynthesis, including cobalamin, folate, biotin, pantothenate, riboflavin, thiamine, menaquinone, nicotinate, and nicotinamide. The carotenogenetic pathway of the studied strains was also predicted. Consequently, the findings of this study contribute to a better understanding of the halophilic archaea metabolism providing valuable insights into their ecophysiology as well as relevant biotechnological applications.
对从突尼斯斯法克斯太阳能盐沼沉积物中分离出的五株古菌菌株（AS1、AS2、AS8、AS11和AS19）进行了注释和预测基因组分析，这些菌株隶属于[具体分类信息缺失]，通过RAST网络服务器（利用子系统技术进行快速注释）和NCBI原核生物基因组注释管道（PGAP）完成。结果表明，这些菌株能够利用还原型半磷酸化的恩特纳-杜德洛夫途径进行葡萄糖降解，并利用糖酵解途径进行糖异生。它们可以将葡萄糖、果糖、甘油和乙酸作为唯一的碳源和能源。编码了ATP合酶、各种细胞色素和有氧呼吸蛋白。所有菌株都通过精氨酸脱亚氨酶途径表现出发酵能力，并利用电子受体（二甲基亚砜和三甲胺N-氧化物）进行兼性厌氧呼吸。鉴定出了多种氨基酸的几种生物合成途径。这些菌株与经过充分研究的嗜盐古菌NRC-1之间的比较和泛基因组分析突出了显著的差异。此外，这些菌株共有1973个基因的核心基因组和767个基因的辅助基因组。在AS1、AS2、AS8、AS11和AS19基因组中分别检测到129、94、67、15和29个独特基因。这些独特基因中的大多数编码假设蛋白。这些菌株在重金属胁迫下表现出促进植物生长的特性（铵同化、磷溶解、趋化性、细胞运动以及吲哚乙酸、铁载体和吩嗪的产生）。因此，它们可用作生物肥料来促进植物生长。这些基因组编码了许多与生物技术相关的基因，负责维生素的生物合成，包括钴胺素、叶酸、生物素、泛酸、核黄素、硫胺素、甲萘醌、烟酸和烟酰胺。还预测了所研究菌株的类胡萝卜素生成途径。因此，本研究的结果有助于更好地理解嗜盐古菌的代谢，为其生态生理学以及相关生物技术应用提供有价值的见解。
