Zhou Jihai, Liu Daokun, Xu Shangqi, Li Xiaoping, Zheng Jiyong, Han Fengpeng, Zhou Shoubiao, Na Meng
Collaborative Innovation Center of Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang Basin co-Founded by Anhui Province and Ministry of Education, School of Ecology and Environment Anhui Normal University Wuhu China.
Collaborative Innovation Center of Southern Modern Forestry Nanjing Forestry University Nanjing China.
Ecol Evol. 2024 Dec 23;14(12):e70688. doi: 10.1002/ece3.70688. eCollection 2024 Dec.
Investigating responses of soil greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions to vegetation restoration is important for global warming mitigation. On the Loess Plateau, a wide range of vegetation restoration strategies have been implemented to control land degradation. However, the thorough quantification of soil GHG emissions triggered by different modes of vegetation restoration is insufficient. There is still a knowledge gap regarding the regulation of soil biochemical and microbial processing on soil GHG emissions. To do so, we compared responses of soil GHG emissions to various types of vegetation restoration on the Loess Plateau, and investigated the changes in soil properties as well as microbial composition and activities. We found that artificial plantation of had low soil carbon dioxide (CO) emission, while natural grassland had high CO emission. The possible explanations could be related to higher moisture and microbial biomass carbon, and greater nitrogen limitation in natural grassland, which was controlled by actinomycetes and gram-negative bacteria. Natural grassland had low soil nitrous oxide (NO) emission and high methane (CH) uptake, whereas had high NO emission and had low CH uptake, respectively. Soil NO emission could be driven by fungi and gram-positive bacteria which were affected by N availability and dissolved organic carbon. Soil CH consumption was associated with anaerobic bacteria and gram-negative bacteria which were affected by N availability and moisture. These different emissions of CO, NO and CH generated the largest total GHG emissions for plantation of , but the smallest total GHG emissions for natural grassland and plantation of leguminous . Overall, our findings suggested that the restoration of natural grassland and artificial N-fixing shrubland like should be encouraged to alleviate GHG emissions, with the practical implications for selecting suitable modes and species to improve ecological sustainability in degraded lands.
研究土壤温室气体（GHG）排放对植被恢复的响应对于缓解全球变暖至关重要。在黄土高原，已实施了多种植被恢复策略来控制土地退化。然而，对于不同植被恢复模式引发的土壤温室气体排放的全面量化还不够充分。关于土壤生化和微生物过程对土壤温室气体排放的调节仍存在知识空白。为此，我们比较了黄土高原不同类型植被恢复对土壤温室气体排放的响应，并研究了土壤性质以及微生物组成和活性的变化。我们发现，人工种植[具体植物名称缺失]的土壤二氧化碳（CO）排放较低，而天然草地的CO排放较高。可能的解释与天然草地中较高的湿度和微生物生物量碳以及更大的氮限制有关，这是由放线菌和革兰氏阴性菌控制的。天然草地的土壤氧化亚氮（NO）排放较低，甲烷（CH）吸收较高，而[具体植物名称缺失]的NO排放较高，[具体植物名称缺失]的CH吸收较低。土壤NO排放可能由受氮有效性和溶解有机碳影响的真菌和革兰氏阳性菌驱动。土壤CH消耗与受氮有效性和湿度影响的厌氧细菌和革兰氏阴性菌有关。这些不同的CO、NO和CH排放导致[具体植物名称缺失]种植的总温室气体排放最大，但天然草地和豆科植物种植的总温室气体排放最小。总体而言，我们的研究结果表明，应鼓励恢复天然草地和人工固氮灌木林如[具体植物名称缺失]，以减轻温室气体排放，这对于选择合适的模式和物种以提高退化土地的生态可持续性具有实际意义。
