Bagheri Sara, Soltanian Siyavash, Heidari Amir Ali, Gholamhosseini Amin
Division of Aquatic Animal Health & Diseases, Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2025 Jan;32(3):1236-1246. doi: 10.1007/s11356-024-35638-z. Epub 2024 Dec 24.
Opportunistic pathogens, such as Aeromonas hydrophila, can cause damage to freshwater crayfish (Astacus leptodactylous) in some situations. In addition to direct damage to the body, microplastics (MPs) can also be responsible for transmitting pathogens to the animal. Accordingly, this research was prepared to investigate the effects of MP on the damage caused by A. hydrophila exposure in A. leptodactylous. Hepatic oxidative biomarkers, blood biochemical indices, and clinical signs were investigated in freshwater crayfish co-exposed to MPs (500 and 1000 mg kg) and A. hydrophila (5 and 10% of the median lethal dose (LD50)) for 30 days. In the hemolymph of infested crayfish with A. hydrophila, there were no significant changes in glutathione peroxidase activity or total antioxidant level. However, in some of the clinical parameters, exposure to MP alone had a significant effect. Cholesterol levels, glutathione peroxidase, catalase, and the activity of γ-glutamyltransferase reduced, conversely, glucose, malondialdehyde, and aspartate aminotransferase increased. After co-exposure to A. hydrophila and MPs, certain parameters elevated in the hemolymph of crayfish such as glucose, activity of alkaline phosphatase, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, and lactate dehydrogenase. However, total protein, cholesterol, γ-glutamyltransferase, glutathione peroxidase, catalase activity, and total antioxidants decreased. In contrast, elevation in malondialdehyde content and superoxide dismutase activity was observed in the hepatocytes of crayfish after co-exposure to A. hydrophila and MPs. To summarize, the investigation demonstrated that the interaction of MPs and A. hydrophila in crayfish has a synergistic effect on various factors.
嗜水气单胞菌等机会致病菌在某些情况下会对淡水小龙虾（细足螯虾）造成损害。除了对身体的直接损害外，微塑料（MPs）还可能将病原体传播给动物。因此，本研究旨在调查微塑料对细足螯虾暴露于嗜水气单胞菌所造成损害的影响。对共同暴露于微塑料（500和1000毫克/千克）和嗜水气单胞菌（半数致死剂量（LD50）的5%和10%）30天的淡水小龙虾进行了肝脏氧化生物标志物、血液生化指标和临床症状的研究。在感染嗜水气单胞菌的小龙虾血淋巴中，谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性或总抗氧化水平没有显著变化。然而，在一些临床参数方面，单独暴露于微塑料有显著影响。胆固醇水平、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶、过氧化氢酶和γ-谷氨酰转移酶活性降低，相反，葡萄糖、丙二醛和天冬氨酸转氨酶升高。共同暴露于嗜水气单胞菌和微塑料后，小龙虾血淋巴中的某些参数升高，如葡萄糖、碱性磷酸酶、天冬氨酸转氨酶、丙氨酸转氨酶和乳酸脱氢酶活性。然而，总蛋白、胆固醇、γ-谷氨酰转移酶、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶、过氧化氢酶活性和总抗氧化剂减少。相反，共同暴露于嗜水气单胞菌和微塑料后，在小龙虾肝细胞中观察到丙二醛含量和超氧化物歧化酶活性升高。总之，调查表明微塑料与嗜水气单胞菌在小龙虾中的相互作用对各种因素具有协同作用。
