Sreedevi S R, Holla Ramesh, Vishak A K, Unnikrishnan Bhaskaran, Rekha T, Mithra P Prasanna, Kumar Nithin, Rao Mithun
Department of Community Medicine, Kasturba Medical College Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India.
Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Kasturba Medical College Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India.
Lung India. 2025 Jan 1;42(1):40-46. doi: 10.4103/lungindia.lungindia_366_24. Epub 2024 Dec 24.
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a type of lung disease marked by permanent damage to tissues in the lungs. Over time, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) can make breathing difficult due to permanent lung damage. COPD encompasses two main conditions chronic bronchitis, where inflammation and scarring narrow the large airways, and emphysema, where the tiny air sacs in the lungs are damaged. The widespread lung condition, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), is largely preventable and treatable, affecting people of all genders globally. There are many studies estimating the burden of COPD in men and women, however, only a few studies have estimated the prevalence of COPD in women aged more than 40 years. Women are equally susceptible to COPD, as they are exposed more to domestic smoke, but they are often neglected and the disease goes unnoticed, which makes them more vulnerable to respiratory failure following a respiratory infection. To gain a comprehensive understanding, this review explores the existing research through a narrative analysis of primary research articles retrieved from PubMed. In total 15 relevant papers were extracted and reviewed. The review finds significant differences exist in the prevalence of COPD among women 40 years of age and older, with greater rates found in rural areas. Women have more severe symptoms and higher fatality rates; contributing factors to this increase are exposure to biomass fuels and growing smoking rates.
慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）是一种肺部疾病，其特征是肺部组织受到永久性损伤。随着时间的推移，由于肺部的永久性损伤，慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）会导致呼吸困难。慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）包括两种主要病症：慢性支气管炎，炎症和瘢痕会使大气道变窄；肺气肿，肺部的微小气囊会受损。慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）这种广泛存在的肺部疾病在很大程度上是可预防和可治疗的，全球所有性别都会受到影响。有许多研究估算了男性和女性中慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）的负担，然而，只有少数研究估算了40岁以上女性中慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）的患病率。女性同样易患慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD），因为她们更多地接触家庭烟雾，但她们往往被忽视，疾病也未被察觉，这使得她们在呼吸道感染后更容易出现呼吸衰竭。为了获得全面的了解，本综述通过对从PubMed检索到的原始研究文章进行叙述性分析来探索现有研究。总共提取并审查了15篇相关论文。该综述发现，40岁及以上女性中慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）的患病率存在显著差异，农村地区的患病率更高。女性有更严重的症状和更高的死亡率；导致这种增加的因素是接触生物质燃料和吸烟率上升。
