Joshi Priyanka S, Singla Pareek Sneh L, Pareek Ashwani
National Agri-Food and Biomanufacturing Institute, Mohali, Punjab 140306, India.
Plant Stress Biology, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi 110067, India.
Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj. 2025 Feb;1869(2):130749. doi: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2024.130749. Epub 2024 Dec 22.
Salinity stress affects plant growth, development, biomass, yield, as well as their survival. A series of signaling cascade is activated to cope the deleterious effect of salinity stress. Cytokinins are known for their regulatory roles from cell growth and expansion to abiotic stress signaling. Two component system (TCS) are important multistep phosphorelay signal transduction machinery converging cytokinin, ethylene and light signal transduction pathways together. Plant TCS comprises of histidine kinases, phosho-transfer proteins and response regulators. Histidine kinases perceive the signal and relay it to response regulator via histidine containing phosphor-transfer proteins.
Response regulators are one of the major and diverse component of TCS system which have been extensively studied for their role in plant growth, development and circadian rhythm. However, knowledge of their regulatory role in abiotic stress signaling is limited. This mini-review specifically focus on role of response regulators in salinity stress signaling.
Response regulators is the divergent node of TCS machinery, where cross-talks with other stress-mediated, phytohormone-mediated, as well as, light-mediated signaling pathways ensues. Studies from past few years have established central role of response regulators in salinity stress, however, the detailed mechanism of their actions need to be studied further.
Response regulators act as both negative as well as positive regulator of salinity and cytokinin signaling, making it an excellent target to increase crop yield as well as stress tolerance capabilities.
盐胁迫影响植物的生长、发育、生物量、产量及其存活。植物会激活一系列信号级联反应来应对盐胁迫的有害影响。细胞分裂素因其在从细胞生长和扩展到非生物胁迫信号传导中的调节作用而闻名。双组分系统（TCS）是重要的多步磷酸化信号转导机制，它将细胞分裂素、乙烯和光信号转导途径汇聚在一起。植物TCS由组氨酸激酶、磷酸转移蛋白和响应调节因子组成。组氨酸激酶感知信号并通过含组氨酸的磷酸转移蛋白将其传递给响应调节因子。
响应调节因子是TCS系统的主要且多样的组成部分之一，其在植物生长、发育和昼夜节律中的作用已得到广泛研究。然而，它们在非生物胁迫信号传导中的调节作用的相关知识有限。本小型综述特别关注响应调节因子在盐胁迫信号传导中的作用。
响应调节因子是TCS机制的分歧节点，在此与其他胁迫介导、植物激素介导以及光介导的信号通路发生相互作用。过去几年的研究已确立了响应调节因子在盐胁迫中的核心作用，然而，其详细作用机制仍需进一步研究。
响应调节因子既是盐胁迫和细胞分裂素信号传导的负调节因子，也是正调节因子，这使其成为提高作物产量和胁迫耐受能力的极佳靶点。
