Wang Mingling, Yi Junling, Chen Zuolei
Department of Anesthesiology, Qingdao Women and Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.
Central Laboratory of Prenatal Diagnosis and Obstetrics, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, China.
Front Pediatr. 2024 Dec 11;12:1495238. doi: 10.3389/fped.2024.1495238. eCollection 2024.
Childhood cardiovascular disease (CVD) is an emerging public health concern, with rising incidence linked to obesity and diabetes. Despite advancements in care, significant disparities persist across regions and socioeconomic groups. This study analyzed the global, regional, and national burden of childhood CVD from 1990 to 2021.
A cross-sectional study utilizing data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2021 was conducted. We analyzed children aged 0-14 years, categorizing them into age groups and assessing trends in incidence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) across 204 countries. Statistical analyses included linear regression to calculate estimated annual percentage changes and assess temporal trends.
The study revealed a 25% global increase in childhood CVD incidence over three decades, with significant disparities observed across different socioeconomic regions. Mortality and DALYs associated with CVD had decreased globally by 59% and 55% respectively, reflecting advances in medical technology and healthcare access. However, these improvements were not uniformly distributed, with low socio-demographic index regions exhibiting both the highest incidences and slowest declines in CVD-related health burdens. Environmental risks, such as extreme temperatures, also contributed to CVD mortality.
While mortality and DALYs due to childhood CVD have declined globally, rising incidence and persistent disparities highlight the need for targeted interventions. Addressing socio-economic factors and enhancing access to quality care are crucial for reducing the global burden of childhood CVD.
儿童心血管疾病（CVD）是一个新出现的公共卫生问题，其发病率上升与肥胖和糖尿病有关。尽管在医疗护理方面取得了进展，但各地区和社会经济群体之间仍存在显著差异。本研究分析了1990年至2021年全球、区域和国家层面儿童心血管疾病的负担。
利用全球疾病负担（GBD）2021的数据进行了一项横断面研究。我们分析了0至14岁的儿童，将他们分为不同年龄组，并评估了204个国家的发病率、死亡率和伤残调整生命年（DALY）趋势。统计分析包括线性回归，以计算估计的年度百分比变化并评估时间趋势。
该研究显示，三十年来全球儿童心血管疾病发病率上升了25%，不同社会经济区域存在显著差异。全球范围内，与心血管疾病相关的死亡率和伤残调整生命年分别下降了59%和55%，这反映了医疗技术和医疗服务可及性的进步。然而，这些改善并非均匀分布，社会人口指数较低的地区心血管疾病相关健康负担的发病率最高且下降最慢。极端温度等环境风险也导致了心血管疾病死亡率。
虽然全球儿童心血管疾病导致的死亡率和伤残调整生命年有所下降，但发病率上升和持续存在的差异凸显了有针对性干预措施的必要性。解决社会经济因素并增加获得优质护理的机会对于减轻全球儿童心血管疾病负担至关重要。
