Abedelmaksoud Tarek Gamal, El-Masarawy Mohamed Salah, Altemimi Ammar B, Hesarinejad Mohammad Ali, Hussein Ahmed M S, Smuda Sayed Saad
Food Science Department, Faculty of Agriculture Cairo University Giza Egypt.
Department of Economic Entomology and Pesticides, Faculty of Agriculture Cairo University Giza Egypt.
Food Sci Nutr. 2024 Nov 7;12(12):10357-10369. doi: 10.1002/fsn3.4581. eCollection 2024 Dec.
This study explores honeybee as a food source through chemical analysis of pupa and adult stages of honeybee drones and workers ( L.). The findings reveal that drones exhibited higher protein and fat content, while workers have the highest carbohydrate levels. Additionally, seventeen amino acids and nine minerals were identified, with drones in the adult stage having elevated levels of fifteen amino acids, notably glutamic acid at 7.97 g/100 g. Moreover, 24 fatty acids were discovered, with oleic acid being most abundant in drones (55.96% in adult, 44.14% in pupa). Furthermore, potassium and sodium were the dominant minerals in both drone and worker samples; however, adult drone had higher concentrations of potassium, iron, copper, and phosphorus than the other samples. Also, nine phenolic compounds were identified, which exhibited the highest concentration in the adult drone sample (20095.72 μg/100 g). Importantly, the adult drone sample demonstrated significant cytotoxic effects on breast and colorectal cancer cells (MCF and HCT), inhibiting them at rates of 98.1% and 81.5%, respectively. These results emphasize the nutritional potential of honeybees (especially adult drones) as a functional food, rich in amino acids, fatty acids and possessing antioxidant and anticancer properties.
本研究通过对雄蜂和工蜂（西方蜜蜂）蛹期和成虫期进行化学分析，探索蜜蜂作为一种食物来源的可能性。研究结果显示，雄蜂的蛋白质和脂肪含量更高，而工蜂的碳水化合物含量最高。此外，还鉴定出了17种氨基酸和9种矿物质，成虫期雄蜂体内15种氨基酸含量升高，其中谷氨酸含量尤为突出，达7.97克/100克。此外，还发现了24种脂肪酸，油酸在雄蜂中含量最为丰富（成虫期为55.96%，蛹期为44.14%）。此外，钾和钠是雄蜂和工蜂样本中的主要矿物质；然而，成虫期雄蜂体内钾、铁、铜和磷的浓度高于其他样本。同时，还鉴定出9种酚类化合物，其在成虫期雄蜂样本中的浓度最高（20095.72微克/100克）。重要的是，成虫期雄蜂样本对乳腺癌和结肠癌细胞（MCF和HCT）表现出显著的细胞毒性作用，分别以98.1%和81.5%的比率抑制这些癌细胞。这些结果强调了蜜蜂（尤其是成虫期雄蜂）作为一种功能性食品的营养潜力，其富含氨基酸、脂肪酸，并具有抗氧化和抗癌特性。
